悦纳进取疗法的理论和操作构建

Establishment of the theory and operation of willing acceptance and commitment therapy

基于正念的第三波(认知)行为疗法,表现出一种多文化融合倾向。作为一种中国本土心理治疗,悦纳进取疗法基于心理治疗研究和实践,结合进化、发展、认知心理学和儒、释、道等中国传统学说要义,认为真实和谐乃健康实质,提出"健康/痛苦-悦纳-进取"的心理病理学和治疗学三角理论模型,并在此基础上整理出符合心理治疗"知己知彼、反应适当、真实和谐、悦纳进取"四原则的"了解自我,认识痛苦;检讨应对,开放接纳;觉照无住,活在当下;明确价值,承诺行动"八步骤。悦纳进取疗法旨在通过这些原则和操作来弱化患者痛苦的记忆神经痕迹,改善其心理灵活性,重建与其价值观一致的生活方式。

Mindfulness-based psychotherapy,known as the third-wave cognitive behavior therapy,showed a multi-cultural integration trend.As part of it,willing acceptance and commitment therapy not only took root in the discoveries in the fields of evolutionary psychology and cognitive psychology,but also absorbed the concepts of psychotherapy from Chinese traditional culture.As a result,it regards truthand harmony as the essence of health,proposes a triangle model (health/pain-willing acceptance-striving)to elucidate the mechanism of psychopathology and psychotherapy in theory.Operationally,it contains four principles of psychotherapy,which are as follow:"knowing yourself and others,reaction but adequately,reality as well as harmony,willing acceptance and striving". Furthermore,it proposes eight therapeutic procedures including "understand yourself,recognize suffering,check coping style,keep openness and acceptance,mindfulness and flexibility,live in the moment,clarify the value,and commit action".With these principles and procedures,willing acceptance and commitment therapy aims to fade the neural trace of patients' painful memories, improve their psychological flexibility and rebuild their lifestyles consistent with their values.