2014年黑龙江省肿瘤登记地区恶性肿瘤发病死亡分析

Analysis of cancer incidence and mortality in Heilongjiang cancer registries,2014

目的近年来癌症发病率有升高趋势,加重了人们的生活和经济负担。本研究分析2014年黑龙江省肿瘤登记地区恶性肿瘤发病与死亡情况,为黑龙江省恶性肿瘤防治提供科学依据。方法收集黑龙江省2014年全年7个肿瘤登记地区上报的肿瘤发病与死亡资料。按照城乡和性别分层,分别计算恶性肿瘤发病和死亡粗率、中标率、世标率和0～74岁累积率等,中标率和世标率分别采用2000年中国标准人口年龄构成和Segi’s世界标准人口年龄构成为标准进行计算。结果 2014年黑龙江省肿瘤登记地区恶性肿瘤粗发病率为263.62/10万,中标率为165.48/10万,世标率为162.27/10万,0～74岁累积率为18.53%。城市地区恶性肿瘤粗发病率为280.70/10万,农村地区恶性肿瘤粗发病率为218.03/10万。男性恶性肿瘤粗发病率为273.86/10万,高于女性的253.55/10万。恶性肿瘤发病率在≤20岁时缓慢上升,>20岁快速上升,>50岁男性发病率高于女性。发病顺位前5位分别为肺癌、乳腺癌、肝癌、结直肠癌和甲状腺癌。2014年黑龙江省肿瘤登记地区恶性肿瘤粗死亡率为168.56/10万,中标率为101.15/10万,世标率为100.97/10万,0～74岁累积率为11.07%。城市地区恶性肿瘤死亡率为175.34/10万,农村地区恶性肿瘤死亡率为150.44/10万。男性恶性肿瘤粗死亡率为205.98/10万,高于女性的131.74/10万。恶性肿瘤死亡率在≤30岁时缓慢上升,>30岁快速上升,男性死亡率高于女性,男性和女性死亡高峰均在85岁。死亡顺位前5位分别为肺癌、肝癌、胃癌、结直肠癌和乳腺癌。结论肺癌、肝癌、乳腺癌和结直肠癌是黑龙江省发病率和死亡率较高的癌症,应作为重点防治癌种,黑龙江省甲状腺癌的发病率有升高趋势,需要提早防范。

OBJECTIVE To analyze the cancer incidence and mortality in cancer registration area of Heilongjiangprovince in 2014and to provide scientific basis for the prevention and treatment of malignant tumors in heilongjiang province.METHODS The new cancer cases and cancer deaths were collected from 7population-based cancer registries of Heilongjiang province.After data were checked and evaluated,stratified analysis by residence and gender was used to calculate crude rate,age-standardized rate,age-specific rate and cumulative rate of 0-74years old.Chinese population census in 2 000 and Segi's population were used for calculating age-standardized rate.RESULTS The crude cancer incidence inHeilongjiang cancer registries was 263.62/10^5,the age-standardized incidence rates by Chinese standard population(ASRChina)and by world standard population(ASR world)were 165.48/10^5 and 162.27/10^5 respectively,with the cumulative incidence rate(0-74years old)of 18.53%.The cancer incidence was 280.70/10^5 in urban areas and 218.03/10^5 in ruralareas.The cancer incidence of males was higher than that of females(273.86/10^5 vs 253.55/10^5).The incidence of malignant tumors increased slowly before the age of 20and rapidly after the age of 20.After the age of 50,the incidence rate of males was higher than that of females.The most common cancers were lung cancer,breast cancer,liver cancer,colorectal cancer and thyroid cancer.The crude cancer mortality in Heilongjiang cancer registries in 2014was 168.56/10^5 ,the ASR China and ASR world of mortality were 101.15/10^5and 100.97/10^5 respectively,with the cumulative mortality rate (0-74years old)of 11.07%.The cancer mortality was 175.34/10^5 in urban areas and 150.44/10^5 in rural areas.The cancer mortality of males was higher than that of females (205.98/10^5 vs 131.74/10^5).The mortality rate of malignant tumors increased slowly before the age of 30 and rapidly after the age of 30.The mortality rate of males was higher than that of females,and the peak of both male and female death was in the age of 85.The most common causes of cancer death were lung cancer,liver cancer,gastric cancer,colorectal cancer and breast cancer.CONCLUSIONS Lung cancer,liver cancer, breast cancer and colorectal cancer are the higher morbidity and mortality of cancer in Heilongjiang province,as a key of the prevention and control of cancer,The incidence of thyroid cancer is increasing year by year in Heilongjiang province, need to take precautions.