防除甜高粱田杂草的除草剂筛选

Screening Herbicides to Control Weeds for Sweet Sorghum

大田甜高粱种植过程中往往杂草普遍发生,严重影响经济效益,且国内外关于甜高粱田化学除草的研究报道也很少。以苏科甜1号为材料,选用二甲戊灵、莠去津、精-异丙甲草胺、二氯喹啉酸、乙草胺、使它隆、二氯喹啉草酮的单剂或者混剂,采用甜高粱播后苗前、苗后除草剂处理方式,以期筛选出对甜高粱安全且对杂草具有高效防除的除草剂。结果显示:在甜高粱播后苗前用33%二甲戊灵2 250mL/hm^2+38%莠去津2 250mL/hm^2防除杂草效果最好,总杂草株防效达99.7%,对甜高粱没有药害;在甜高粱出苗后4～5叶期,用20%二氯喹啉草酮2 000mL/hm^2+38%莠去津5 000mL/hm^2防除杂草效果最优,总杂草株防效与鲜重防效分别为99.2%、99.5%,对甜高粱也没有药害。以上2种药剂处理可作为甜高粱田杂草防除的理想选择。

The weeds often occur in field of sweet sorghum, which seriously influences the economic efficiency.There are few reports on the chemical weeding of sweet sorghum at home and abroad. In order to screen a safe and high efficient herbicide to control weeds in sweet sorghum field, the variety of Suketian 1 was used as the test plant material, and the single agent or mixture herbicides of pendimethalin, atrazine, methoprolopoxamine, quinclorac, acetochlor, fluroxypyr and quintrione was applied before emergence and postemergence of Suketian 1. Results showed that after sowing and before emergence, 33% pendimethali 2 250 mL/hm^2+38% atrazine 2 250 mL/hm^2 had best control effects on weed numbers which reached 99.7% and were safe to sweet sorghum. After emergence in 4-5 leaf stage, 20% quintrione 2 000 mL/hm^2+38% atrazine 5 000 mL/hm^2 had best control effects on weed numbers and fresh weight which reached 99.2% and 99.5%, respectively, which were safe to sweet sorghum. The above two kinds of agents can be used as an ideal choice for weed control of sweet sorghum.