无患子三萜皂苷研究进展

Advances on Triterpenoid Saponin of Sapindus mukorossi

无患子是一种集工业、药用、观赏、生态于一体的多功能综合利用价值极高的经济树种,近年来,由于其具有较高的商业价值和药理活性,受到了广泛的重视。迄今文献中报道的无患子中分离鉴定的三萜皂苷类化合物有71种,具有抗菌、抗肿瘤、保护心脑血管、保护肝脏、抗生育、杀虫等多种生物活性和良好的非离子表面活性作用,在医药、食品保健、日化和农业等领域应用前景广阔。本文对其皂苷的种类、提取与分离及其应用进行了综述,以期为今后无患子的研究、开发与利用提供参考。

Sapindus mukorossi Gaertn.,a kind of economic tree with high comprehensive utilization value, which integrates with industry,medicine,ornamental and ecology.In recent years,it has received extensive attention due to its high commercial vahe and pharmacological activity.To date,there were 71 kinds of triterpenoid saponins were isolated and identified from Sapindus mukorossi according to the reports from literatures,most of them have antibacterial,anti-tumor,protection of heart and brain blood vessels,protecting liver,anti fertiIity,insecticidal and other biological activities and good nonionic surface activity.So,they have a wide application in the fields of medicine,food health care,daily chemical and agricultural fields.In this paper,the types,extraction and separation of saponins and their application were summarized to provide reference for the future research,development and utilization of Sapindus mukorossi.