不同水肥处理对宁夏干旱荒漠区甜瓜产量及品质的影响

Effects of Production and Quality of Melon With Different Water and Fertilizer Consumption in Ningxia Arid Desert Area

以早熟厚皮甜瓜"台龙二号"为试材,设定不同灌溉定额、复合肥及生物有机肥施用量,利用二次饱和D-最优设计进行甜瓜产量、品质影响研究,建立单因素、双因素交互对甜瓜产量和品质影响的回归模型,以探索宁夏干旱荒漠区甜瓜生物有机肥替代复合肥条件下的水肥耦合效应,提出水肥一体化技术和生物有机肥配施复合肥施肥技术相结合的生态环保型水肥供应模式。结果表明:在单因子试验中对产量(Y_m)影响大小依次为复合肥(F)>水分(W)>生物有机肥(O),对品质(Q_m)的贡献大小为生物有机肥(O)>水分(W)>复合肥(F),2个因素交互效应对产量影响大小依次为WF>WO>FO,对品质(Q_m)影响大小依次为WF>WO>FO。通过单因素和双因素耦合影响综合分析,得到宁夏干旱荒漠区甜瓜产量达到42 000kg·hm^(-2)以上、品质综合评分为90以上时,甜瓜灌水量和复合肥配施生物有机肥的生态环保型施肥模式,即灌溉定额为1 591.0～1 659.3m3·hm^(-2),复合肥总施用量为580.7～593.0kg·hm^(-2),生物有机肥用量共为182.5～257.4kg·hm^(-2)。

In order to explore the coupling effect of water and fertilizer under the condition of compound organic fertilizer in the arid desert area of Ningxia,early maturing musk melon was used as test materials,the eco-friendly water and fertilizer supply model combining water and fertilizer integration technology and bio-organic fertilizer combined with fertilizer application was put forward.The yield and quality of melon were studied by different irrigation quota,compound fertilizer and bio-organic fertilizer application.The regression model of single factor and two-factor interaction on yield and quality of melon was established.The results showed that the effect of yield(Ym)was the order of compound fertilizer(F)>water(W)>bio-organic fertilizer(O),the contribution of quality(Qm)was bio-organic fertilizer(O)>water(W)>compound fertilizer(F),the interaction effect of two factors on yield was WF >WO >FO,and the effect of quality(Qm)was WF > WO >FO.Through the comprehensive analysis of single factor and two-factor coupling,the ecological environment-friendly fertilization model of melon irrigation and compound fertilizer combined with bio-organic fertilizer was obtained when the yield of melon was above 42 000 kg·hm-2 in Ningxia arid desert area.The amount of fertilizer was 1 591.0-1 659.3 m3·hm-2,the dosage of compound fertilizer was 580.7-593.0 kg·hm-2,and the amount of bio-organic fertilizer was 182.5-257.4 kg·hm-2.