中国对中南半岛文化外交中的对象国行为差异——基于地缘环境与文化影响力的分析

On the Differences of State Behaviors in China-Indochina Cultural Diplomacy:An Analysis of Geo-Setting and Cultural Influence

近年来,我国在"一带一路"建设中十分重视通过文化外交来推动民心相通的构筑,中国同中南半岛的文化外交活动也总体呈现活跃发展的态势。然而在此过程中,中南半岛各国的行为方式却存在差异。文化外交的外交属性使其难以超脱国家间围绕权力和利益的博弈与较量,而中南半岛国家同中国开展文化外交时的行为差异则源自各国内外因素的二维塑造,其中各国所处的地缘环境影响了它们对中国文化传播的态度,各国自身的文化影响力又决定了它们同中国之间的文化流动模式。未来我国在中南半岛推进文化外交时既需要更重视各国的异质性和文化流动的双向性,也需要加速区域合作机制的建设,努力构建互通、共享的文化共同体,从而为"21世纪海上丝绸之路"的互联互通建设营造更为稳固的社会基础。

In recent years,in a bid to promote the Belt and Road Initiative,China has attached much importance to strengthening people-to-people ties through cultural diplomacy,and cultural diplomatic activities between China and Indochina increased markedly. However,there are differences in the behaviors of Indochinese countries. Academic research hitherto on the cultural diplomacy between China and Indochina has mostly been summarization or description,with no clear explanation for the differences of state behaviors. This paper argues that the diplomatic nature of cultural diplomacy makes it difficult to avoid the competition between states for power and interest. The behavioral differences among Indochinese countries stem from the two-dimensional shaping by the following factors: the geo-setting of the countries affects their attitude towards the diffusion of Chinese culture,and the cultural influence of each country determines the pattern of cultural mobility between them and China. In the future,China needs to pay more attention to the heterogeneity of countries and the bidirectional mobility of culture in advancing cultural diplomacy with Indochina. It is also necessary to accelerate the development of regional cooperative mechanisms and the building of cultural community in order to stabilize the social foundation for connectivity in the 21 stCentury Maritime Silk Road.