一种等强度微锥结构螺栓设计及有限元分析

Design and finite element analysis of a bolt featuring its equal-strength micro-taper structure

针对标准螺纹牙在连接中载荷分布严重不均、应力集中等问题,研究了螺栓的结构,基于弹性力学理论分析设计了一种锥度螺纹连接结构,通过Solid Works建立了标准外螺纹和微锥内螺纹(1∶50,1∶100,1∶200,1∶300,1∶400)连接的模型,并利用Abaqus分析在相同外载下不同锥度螺纹牙的载荷分布及应力情况,发现锥度为1∶400时各圈螺纹牙载荷占比最大最小之差仅为5.6%,确定了最佳锥度,从而延长了螺栓的使用寿命。

In view of such problems as serious uneven distribution of load and stress'concentration in the standard thread connection,this article focuses on the bolt structure.Based on the theoretical analysis of elastic mechanics,a taper-based thread connection structure is developed.The model of the connection between the standard external thread and micro-taper internal thread(1:50,1:100,1:200,1:300,1:400)is established by means of SolidWorks.Also,Abaqus is adopted to analyze the load distribution and stress of the thread with different standards of taper under the same external load.The results show that when the taper is 1:400,the difference between the maximum and minimum load ratio of each circle is only 5.6%,and the optimum taper is identified,thus prolonging the service life of the bolt.