全局测量空间转站测量数据整体平差方法

Overall adjustment method of coordinate transforming measurement data in global measurement space

针对大型结构件全局测量中多测站测量统一坐标系时的误差积累问题,该文以徕卡TM30全站仪测量系统作为测量手段,模拟实施测量方案获取点位坐标信息。基于七参数转换模型,利用Matlab编程,比较分析了作为初步转换法的四元数法、奇异值分解法和罗德里格矩阵法,对比其进行初步转换的精度差异,从而优选坐标转换方法。在初步转换的基础上,分别基于原始观测值和公共点坐标观测值进行整体平差解算,编程实现了全局测量中各公共点误差及各站坐标转换总误差的计算与分析。最后,对两种整体平差方法的优缺点进行了讨论分析,指出在实际工程中可综合应用两类整体平差方法的技术优势,以最大限度地减少误差积累,提高整体测量精度。

Aiming at the problem of error accumulation when multiple stations measure unifies coordinate systems in global measurement of large-scale structural parts,an experiment was carried out with the Leica TM30 total station system to simulate the implementation of the measurement scheme to obtain the point coordinate information in this paper.Furthermore,based on the seven-parameter transformation model,the quaternion method,the singular value decomposition method and the Rodrigue'matrix method as the preliminary conversion method were compared and analyzed by Matlab programming.And the difference in accuracy of the preliminary conversion was compared,thereby the coordinate conversion method was optimized.On the basis of the preliminary conversion,the overall adjustment calculation was performed based on the original observation value and the common point coordinate observation value respectively.The calculation and analysis of the common point error and the total coordinate error of each station in the global measurement were realized by programming.Finally,the advantages and disadvantages of the two overall adjustment methods were discussed and analyzed.It was pointed out that the technical advantages of the two types of overall adjustment methods could be comprehensively applied in practical engineering to minimize the error accumulation.Consequently,the measurement accuracy could be totally improved.