环状RNA在神经退行性疾病调控作用的研究进展

Review on Regulatory Role of Circular RNAs and Neurodegenerative Diseases

环状RNA(circRNA)是一类不同于线性RNA的内源非编码RNA,它是通过反向剪接形成的闭合环状RNA分子,不具有5’端帽子和3’端poiyA尾巴结构。在生物信息快速发展的时代,已经在真核细胞中发现大量内源性circRNA,其中一部分circRNA表达呈现出表达特异性以及物种间保守性,表明circRNA在调节基因表达方面具有重要的功能。近年来研究发现,circRNA在神经退行性疾病发生过程中的调节起着较为重要的作用,就circRNA在神经退行性疾病调控作用进行总结和综述。

Circular RNAs(circRNAs) are a class of endogenous noncoding RNA,unlike linear RNAs,forming a covalently closed continuous loop by back-splicing.CircRNA has non 5’ end cap and 3’ end poly(A) tail structureand streadily in many eukaryotic cells.With the continuous innovation of the rapid development of bioinformatics,a large number of endogenous circRNAs have been found in eukaryotic cells at presentand some of themcould highly express and showed the specificity of expression in spatio-temporal and conservative among different species,indicating that circRNAs may play an important role in the regulation of gene expression.