基于泰森多边形服务分区的常规公交站点布局优化

Layout Optimization of Bus Stations Based on Voronoi Diagram for Zoning Service Area

基于泰森多边形,以公交站点服务区内的所有乘客平均步行到站时间最小为目标建立了一种常规公交站点布局优化模型。首先,分析了公交车乘客乘车习惯与泰森多边形的性质,论证了将泰森多边形的概念引入到公交站点服务区的可行性;然后,介绍了泰森多边形的生成算法,以及对优化区域进行分区的操作流程,并以此构建了优化模型,建立了乘客选择公交出行的比例与步行到站时间的函数关系式,在备选站点中选择满足目标条件的站点做为最终确定的公交站点;最后,通过实例验证了模型的实践性和科学性。研究结果表明:泰森多边形的特性与公交站点服务区所具备的性质极其相似,将泰森多边形应用到常规公交站点的优化研究中,可以解决公交站点的布局优化问题。

A layout optimization model for bus stations based on Voronoi Diagram was built for all passengers to minimize the average walking time to the bus station within its service area. Firstly,the riding habit of bus passengers and the properties of Voronoi Diagram were analyzed,and the feasibility of introducing VoronoiDiagram to the service area of bus stations was verified. Then,the generation algorithm of Voronoi Diagram andthe operation procedures of optimal zoning for the service area were demonstrated. And the optimization modeland the functional relationship between the proportion of bus travel and the walking time to bus stations wereproposed,based on which,the final bus station locations were selected from the ones meeting the objectives.Finally,it was verified that the model was scientific and applicable by a case study. The research results showthat the characteristics of Voronoi Diagram are very similar to those of bus station service areas. Thus,the application of Voronoi Diagram will contribute to the layout optimization of bus stations.