上海青草沙水库浮游甲壳类群落结构的特征

Characteristics of the crustacean zooplankton community structure in Qingcaosha Reservoir,Shanghai

青草沙水库地理位置特殊,供应上海市绝大多数市民的日常饮用水,因此维持其水体生态系统的稳定及水质良好尤为重要。于2015年1月至2016年12月研究了水库浮游甲壳类的群落特征,并利用冗余分析(RDA)阐述了浮游甲壳类与环境因子的相关性。鉴定出浮游甲壳类34种,其中枝角类18种,桡足类16种。2016年浮游甲壳类种数比2015年增加了6种,长额象鼻溞(Bosmina longirostris)和汤匙华哲水蚤(Sinocalanus dorrii)为两年中的全年优势种。2016年浮游甲壳类的平均生物密度和生物量各为(8. 7±9. 1)个/L、(0. 598 3±0. 692 6) mg/L,2015年为(3. 1±2. 7)个/L和(0. 208 3±0. 244 6) mg/L。自河流区经过渡区到湖泊区其现存量逐渐升高。RDA排序图显示,对浮游甲壳类具有较大影响的环境因素有水温、硝态氮、亚硝态氮和高锰酸盐指数。

Qingcaosha Reservoir has a special geographic location and supplies daily drinking water to the vast majority of citizens in Shanghai.It is especially important to maintain the stability of the water ecosystem and ensure good water quality.From January 2015to December 2016,the characteristics of crustacean zooplankton community in Qingcaosha Reservoir were investigated,and the redundancy analysis (RDA)was used to explore the relationship between crustacean zooplankton and environmental factors.Thirty-four species of crustacean zooplankton were identified,of which 18species were Cladocera and 16species were copepods. In 2016,the species of crustacean zooplankton increased by 6species compared to 2015.Bosmina longirostris and Sinocalanus dorrii are four-season dominant species in two years.The average biological density and biomass of crustacean zooplankton in 2016were (8.7±9.1)ind/L,(0.5983±0.6926)mg/L,and (3.1±2.7)ind/L and (0.2083±0.2446)mg/L in 2015,respectively.From the fiver area through the transition area to the lake area,its biological density and biomass gradually increase.The RDA ordination map shows that water temperature,nitrate nitrogen,nitrite nitrogen,and permanganate index have significant impacts on crustacean zooplankton.