“王刘联合发现说”和甲骨文发现研究新论

New Argumentations on Oracleand Research with WANG-LIU Co-discovery Proposition

甲骨文发现百年之争应只有"王懿荣发现说"与"刘鹗发现说"可议。"刘说"据有确凿完整的证据链支撑,而符合现代学术规范且合情理的结论应为"王刘联合发现说";"吃药发现说"尚不宜入正史。至今尚未为学界知晓与关注的、1904年多次刊登于《时报》的刘鹗自撰《铁云藏龟》公告(期刊全文首发),具有明确宣告甲骨文发现、化私藏为公器等重大意义。《铁云藏龟·自序》应确立为最早成功鉴定和考释甲骨文的学术论文;刘鹗领衔罗振玉、吴昌绶,一起在1903年即率先拉开了甲骨文考释研究暨创立甲骨学的序幕。罗振玉"怂恿-墨拓-编辑《铁云藏龟》说"、"1901年初见甲骨说"皆难以成立。对甲骨学史可重新划分阶段。

1.According to the 3 assigned necessary conditions for scientific discovery,and after examining disputed propositions,it is argued that only two arguments should be discussed:"Wang Yirong discovery proposition"and "Liu Yu discovery proposition".The reasonable conclusion that conforms to modern academic norms should be "Wang Liu Co-Discovery Proposition".Thus,it is not appropriate to accept "discovery from medicine proposition"into the official textbook.A new version of discovery process is provided.2.The announcement written by Liu E on "Times Newspaper"in 1904(first fully published by Journal),which has not yet been known or concerned by the academy today,should be considered as a symbol of the transformation from traditional to the modern Chinese academia.3.The preface of "Tie Yun Cang Gui"should be recognized as the earliest academic paper to successfully identify and interpret oracle bone inscriptions;Liu E together with Luo Zhenyu and Wu Changshou initiated the Oracle Bone Paleography in 1903.4.Neither the argumentations on denying Luo's claims of "Encouraging-Ink copying- Editing ‘Tie Yun Cang Gui’"and that of "Oracle Bone first found in 1901"is untenable.A proposal for the historic new division for the Oracle Bone Paleography is put forward.