非转基因抗除草剂玉米对三种乙酰乳酸合成酶抑制剂类除草剂的田间抗性表现

Field resistance assessment of non-transgenic herbicide resistant maize to three acetolactate synthase inhibiting herbicides

为评估中国农业大学培育的非转基因抗除草剂玉米品系958R和335R在大田条件下对乙酰乳酸合成酶(acetolactate synthase,ALS)抑制剂类除草剂的抗性表现,利用甲咪唑烟酸、砜嘧磺隆、唑嘧磺草胺3种除草剂对郑单958、958R、先玉335、335R共4种玉米杂交种进行了播后苗前土壤处理,每种除草剂设3个处理剂量(1、3、9倍推荐剂量),并于施药2周和4周后进行株高测定,于收获晾干后测产。结果表明,在甲咪唑烟酸216、648 g (a.i.)/hm^2处理下,郑单958和先玉335均已绝产,而958R和335R产量均未受影响;在砜嘧磺隆或唑嘧磺草胺高剂量处理下,常规玉米品种郑单958和先玉335株高的最高降幅分别为25.7%和35.2%,田间药害反应显著,而958R和335R则抗性反应显著。研究表明,非转基因抗除草剂玉米杂交种具有良好的田间抗性,不仅能有效解决玉米田砜嘧磺隆和唑嘧磺草胺等ALS除草剂的药害问题,还能够通过引入甲咪唑烟酸等新的ALS除草剂更好地防除玉米田的杂草。

The objective of this study is to investigate whether these non-transgenic imidazolinone resistant (IR) maize hybrids could show desired tolerance to various herbicide treatments under field condition in Beijing,China.Imazapic,rimsulfuron,and flumetsulam at one time,three times,nine times of the respective field recommendation rates were soil-applied to plots planted with IR maize hybrids, 958R and 335R,and conventional hybrids,Z958and X335.Plant heights were measured at two and four weeks after treatment,and yields were recorded after harvest.The results showed that conventional hybrids produced no yield when treated with imazapic at 216g (a.i.)/hm^2 and 648g (a.i.)/hm^2,while the yields of IR maize hybrids were not affected.For rimsulfuron and flumetsulam,which were registered for maize,caused significant crop damage,up to 25.7% and 35.2% plant height reduction for Z958 and X335,at the highest application rates respectively;however,IR maize hybrids were more tolerant to rimsulfuron and flumetsulam than conventional hybrids.The results indicated that IR maize hybrids showed high level of herbicide resistance,thus providing a great tool not only to address current crop injury caused by maize-registered ALS herbicides including rimsulfuron and flumetsulam,but also to in troduce new ALS herbicides to control weed in maize field in China.