文质论:中国文学批评的伦理符号学向度

The Concepts of Wen and Zhi: The Ethical Semitic Dimension of Chinese Literary Criticism

从"文"字的起源及"文""人"二字的关系来看,人类能够有意识地创制使用符号乃是人之为人的关键,作为沟通人神的文字符号则是文字的重要来源,天地之文到文字之文,人类社会实现了第二次传媒突变。质与文相对,指代质地本质,孔子将这对概念引入礼学之中,以文与质来指代礼容与礼义,文质彬彬实则是作为符号动物的人要调和好此二者的关系,使礼的表达面与内容面和谐共荣。礼是中国先民生活与存在的方式,渗透到人们的物质与精神生活之中,当礼的文质观引入到文学审美领域,则是文采与内容的关系问题,但文质论文胎始于礼乐伦理,礼乐文化又是人的本质的体现,所以文质论文往往又返归到文质论人之中,其实质是人类表意规律的符号再现。这种对人类符号表意规律的反思调适活动,也正是当今伦理符号学着力的主要方面。

When it comes to the origin of the word "Wen"and the relationship between the word "Wen "and "Ren",human beings can consciously create the use of symbols is the crux of being a man. Character symbols,which as the medium between human beings and gods,are the important sources of words.From heaven and earth to words,human society has realized the second media mutation."Zhi"is the opposite of "Wen",which refers to the essence of "Zhi".The concepts of Wen and Zhi were introduced into the study of rites by Confucius,which refers to the content and meaning of ritual.In fact,gentle,is that the person who is one kind of symbolic animal should reconcile the two in order to make the expression and content of ritual harmonious.Propriety is the way of life and existence of the ancient Chinese, permeating into the material and spiritual life of the people.When the concepts of Wen and Zhi are introduced into the field of literary aesthetics,it is a question of latent and content.However,the thesis on the concepts of Wen and Zhi begins with the ethics of ritual and music culture.What's more,ritual and music culture is the manifestation of human nature.Therefore,in most cases,the thesis on the concepts of Wen and Zhi returns to an essay on man,which is the representation of the ideographic law.This activity of reflection and adjustment,which is about the ideographic law of human symbols,is the main aspect of the ethical semiotics.