教育如何促进老年人使用社会养老服务?——来自北京的证据

How Education Promotes Elderly's Service Utilization of Social Elder Care?——Based on the Evidence of Beijing

针对教育可以促进老年人使用社会养老服务的现象,提出"预算约束放松"、"养老观念社会化"、"理性分析能力提高"和"资源效率提高"四个假说,采用1316个北京市抽样调查数据深入考察了教育的促进机制。研究表明:教育可以通过提高老年人的经济独立性,促使其购买并使用社会养老服务;教育可以通过弱化传统养老文化对老年人的牵绊、提高老年人对社会养老观念的认同程度,从而促使其选择使用社会养老服务。研究还发现:自我实现的心理特质或许在老年知识分子使用社会养老服务的过程中扮演着重要角色。

In view of the phenomenon that education can promote service utilization of social elder care,this paper firstly put forward four hypotheses such as"relaxation of budget constraint","socialization of elder-care concept","improvement of rational analysis ability"and"improvement of resource efficiency"based on literature review,then we analysis the 1316 elderly’s data obtained by sampling survey in Beijing. The research finds that education can promote service utilization of social elder care by improving economic independence and the degree of identify for the social endowment,at the same time education can promote the utilizationintention by weakening the influence of traditional culture on elders. The complementary research finding shows that perhaps the higher psychological needs such as self-actualization play an important role on promote service utilization among elderly intellectuals.