产业组织理论的新挑战:网络外部性、有限理性与社会性

New Challenges of Industrial Organization Theory:Network Externality,Bounded Rationality and Sociality

产业组织理论经历了结构—行为—绩效范式(即SCP模式)、博弈论范式、网络产业组织理论和行为产业组织理论四个发展阶段。博弈论的引入使得产业组织理论得以从市场参与人的策略互动来讨论市场结构、行为和绩效问题,从而为产业组织理论建立了坚实的微观基础。网络产业组织理论进一步引入了网络外部性和报酬递增机制,使得产业组织理论把分析对象拓展到各种新的组织形态。但迄今这些理论都坚守新古典范式的理论内核,从而难以有效预测现实中产业组织的多样化和复杂化现象。行为产业组织理论通过引入参与人有限理性和社会性,在一定程度上弥补了过去理论的不足。但新的理论与过去理论还没有实现完美的契合。只有把网络外部性和参与人的有限理性与社会性有机结合起来,才可能创造出更好的产业组织理论。

The theory of industrial organization has experienced four stages of development: structure-conduct-performance paradigm (i.e.,SCP model),game theory paradigm,network industry organization theory and behavioral industry organization theory.The introduction of game theory enables industrial organization to discuss market structure,behavior and performance problems from the interaction of market participants,thus establishing a solid micro-economic basis for industrial organization.The network industry organization theory further introduces the network externality and the increasing reward mechanism,which makes the theory of industrial organization expand the analysis object to a variety of new organizational forms.But so far,all these theories are sticking to the theoretical core of neoclassical paradigm,and it is difficult to effectively predict the diversification and complexity of industrial organizations in reality.The theory of behavioral industrial organization has made up for the shortcomings of past theories to a certain extent by introducing participants'bounded rationality and sociality.But the new theory has not yet been perfectly matched with the past theories.Only by combining network externality with limited rationality and sociality of participants can we create a better theory of industrial organization.