摘要
目的:调查中学生精神病风险综合征(PRS)的患病率和临床特征。方法:采用分层比例抽样的方法,用自编一般情况调查表和精神病前驱期问卷16条目版本(PQ-16),对中山市2157例中学生进行筛查;对筛查问卷阳性以及随机选取的阴性对照进行一对一的精神病风险综合征定式访谈(SIPS),建立PRS诊断。最后以符合PRS诊断的中学生为研究组,不符合PRS诊断的为对照组,比较两组的人口学特征和社会功能,并探讨PRS的精神病理学特点。结果:中学生中诊断PRS有59例,患病率为2. 7%,其中轻微阳性症状综合征(APSS)最常见,有55例,患病率为2. 5%。PRS组比非PRS组存在更高比例的精神病阳性家族史(2. 5%vs. 11. 9%,P <0. 01)、学习成绩差(均P <0. 01)和同伴关系差(均P <0. 05)。中学生PRS中阳性症状最常见的是"知觉异常/幻觉"(59. 3%)、"猜疑/被害观念"(38. 9%)、"奇特的思维内容/妄想性观念"(30. 5%);阴性症状中较常见的是"学习功能受损"(30. 5%)和"社会孤立"(20. 3%);解体症状中较多见的是"集中注意力困难"(13. 6%);一般症状中较常见的是"心境烦躁不安"(25. 4%)和"睡眠障碍"(25. 4%)。结论:精神病风险综合征在中学生人群中存在一定的比例,需要医疗、教育和家庭积极关注。
Objective:To investigate the prevalence and clinical characteristics of Psychosis Risk Syndrome (PRS)in middle school students.Methods:Totally 2157middle school students in Zhongshan were recruited by using a stratified proportional random sampling method.Participants were assessed with a self-reported 16-item ver- sion of the Prodromal Questionnaire (PQ-16).Students participating in the screening test whose results were posi- tive together with the negative samples by random selection,were asked to participate in psychiatric interviews using the Structured Interview for Psychosis-Risk Syndromes (SIPS).Students meeting the criteria for the PRS according to the SIPS are the positive group,and the negative ones are the control group.SPSS (20.0)were adopted to ana- lyze the positive rate and to compare the demographic characteristics and social functions between the two groups.The characteristics of PRS were explored in terms of psychopathology.Results:Totally 59students (2.7%)finally met the criteria for the PRS,including 55students (2.5%)met the criteria for Attenuated Positive Symp- toms Syndrome (APSS).Differences in family history of mental illness (2.5%vs.11.9%,P <0.01),academic record (P <0.01)and peer relations (P <0.05)were significant between the PRS group and no-PRS group.The most common symptoms of positive symptoms of PRS in middle school students were perceptual anomalies/halluci- nations (59.3%),suspicion/persecutory delusion (38.98%),and singular thought content/delusional conception (30.5%).Negative symptoms were more common in learning impairment (30.5%)and social isolation (20.3%).The most common symptom of disintegration was concentration difficulty (13.6%).The common symptoms were mood restlessness (25.4%)and sleep disturbance (25.4%).Conclusion:There is a certain propor- tion of psychosis risk syndrome individuals in middle school students.It should be paid positive attention by medical system,educational system and families.
作者
黄彩英
薛坤喜
任衍镇
李庆伟
万静
杜宝国
HUANG Caiying;XUE Kunxi;REN Yanzhen;LI Qingwei;WAN Jing;DU Baoguo(Department of Early Intervention,Zhongshan Third People's Hospital,Zhongshan 528451,Guangdong Province,China)
出处
《中国心理卫生杂志》
CSSCI
CSCD
北大核心
2018年第12期1006-1011,共6页
Chinese Mental Health Journal
基金
中山市科技计划项目(2015B1035)
关键词
精神病风险综合征
患病率
临床特征
中学生
psychosis risk syndrome
prevalence
clinical features
middle school students