英语主、宾语型心理动词结构中约束共指的成人二语理解实证研究

An empirical study on adult L2 learners' comprehension of binding co-reference in English subject-and object psych-verb constructions

离线语法判断任务所测量的中介语显性语法知识显示,英语主、宾语心理动词结构中的逆向回指可从母语隐性知识转换为二语显性知识。然而,针对约束共指的自定步速阅读研究显示,在英语宾语型心理动词结构中,逆向回指的在线即时处理过程并非基于层级性的结构关系;成分统制对于成人二语者不可及的中介语表现说明,二语句子理解可能是一个回溯性的反思过程,从而使成人二语者可以利用其元语言知识来遮蔽较为迟缓甚至钝化的中介语心理过程,浅结构假设因之得以部分验证。本研究还揭示出隐性与显性语法知识在中介语语法中的非对称性,并对宾语型心理动词的二语使役性泛化现象做出题元层级解释。

An off-line judgement task shows that the implicit grammatical knowledge like backward binding in native languages may be transformed into the explicit knowledge in interlanguage grammars.However,this Self-Paced Reading task reveals that the online real-time processing of backward binding in object psych verb constructions may not be structure-based,whereas the inaccessibility of C-command to adult L2 learners indicates that L2sentence processing is very likely to be a meaning-driven process (retrospectively).In the thinking-back process,adult L2learners can readily utilize meta-linguistic knowledge to make compensation for the slow-downs or even bluntness of their mental processing.Shallow Structure Hypothesis is thereby partially verified.In addition,the asymmetry between implicit and explicit knowledge in interlanguage is also demonstrated,and this paper accounts for the L2over-causativization by Theta Hierarchy.