一种复杂天然原石雕铣加工的高效装夹方法

A high efficient clamping method for carving and milling the complex natural stone

能进行雕铣加工的复杂天然原石是指在大自然中独立存在并具有复杂天然形状且晶粒非常细腻的天然石材。这种原石具有复杂性、无规律性和个体性显著的外形特点,且尺寸变化范围大,给定位装夹造成很大困难,装夹效率低。同时,由于这种原石具有高硬度、不均匀和易脆的材质特点,加工时刀具转速高,机床振动大,易造成加工时装夹可靠性难以保证,故对复杂天然原石雕铣加工的高效装夹方法进行研究。首先,对复杂天然原石的雕铣加工特点与装夹难点进行分析,提出一种由2个静态支承面、3个万向动态支承器和2个万向动态压紧器构成的"二三二"装夹方法,并设计了一套基于该装夹方法的复杂天然原石夹具;该夹具能快速可靠地对复杂天然原石进行定位夹紧,提高装夹效率,降低劳动强度。最后以沱江玉为例进行了实际应用验证,取得了很好的应用效果,展示了该方法较好的应用前景。

The complex natural stone ,which can be milled and carved,refers to natural stones that exist independently in nature and have natural shapes and very delicate grains.The natural stone has the characteristics of complexity,regularity and individuality,and the size varies greatly,which is very difficult for locating clamping,and the clamping efficiency is low.At the same time, the natural stone with high hardness,uneven,brittle material characteristics,and a high cutting tool speed,which make machine tool vibrating,it's difficult to guarantee the damping reliability when carving and milling.The high efficient clamping method for the processing of complex natural stone carving and milling is studied.First of all,the characteristics of the carved and milled processing of complex na(ural stone and the difficulty of clamping are analyzed,putting forward the "232"clamping method,the clamping method contains two fixed support surfaces,three universal dynamic supports and two universal dynamic tensioners,and a set of complex natural stone fixture based on "232"clamping method is designed.The fixture can quickly and reliably locate and clamp the complex natural stone,improve the clamping efficiency and reduce the labor intensity,which provides a method of high efficiency clamping of the natural stone for enterprise.Finally,taking Tuojiang jade as an example,the practical application is made,a good application effect is obtained,and the application foreground of the method is demonstrated.