基于区块链的电力现货交易市场研究

Research on Electricity Market About Spot Trading Based on Blockchain

新一轮电改要求还原电力商品属性,构建交易部分去中心化下“多卖方-多买方”的竞争性电力现货市场,力求形成体现时间和位置特性的“源-售-荷”双侧日内分时电价机制。但电力现货市场面临跨区域交易管制、能源类型与交易优先权、智能交易模式、协同调度与物理约束、行业与政府监管、金融结算和政策补贴等制约因素。该文基于区块链与电力现货市场体系相似的网络拓扑形态,针对电力现货市场交易的智能性、实时性和安全性等需求,分析日内分时电价的制约因素,设计区块链架构下的电力现货实时调度交易及监管模型,阐述该模型的交易流程和运行机制,及其对电力现货价格的影响。通过智能合约,将基于粒子群算法的多目标搜索优化算法进行程序化的脚本运行,实现放开电量下的售电公司多选择最优购电方案的制定,并通过能源交易互联网进行信息交互,保障交易信息的实时性,提高交易效率,为清洁能源电厂及时调整交易价格提供了数据信息,可为实现调度交易部分去中心化下电力现货市场的运行提供参考。

A new round of electricity reform is required for restoring the properties of electric power commodity.To build a competitive power spot market for "multi-seller to multi-buyer"under transactions decentralization,which is striving to form a "source-sell-load"bilateral intraday time-of-use price mechanism that reflects the time and location characteristics.But electricity spot market also faces many restrictions,such as cross-regional power trading regulation, energy type and transaction priority,smart trading model, cooperative scheduling and physical constraints,industry and government regulations,financial settlement and policy subsidies,etc.Based on the similar network topology of blockchain and power spot market system,dealed with the demands of the intelligence,,real-time and security of the electric spot market transactions and constraints about electricity price in different time within a day were analyzed. Based on the blockchain,they were designed to electricity spot real-time dispatch transaction and regulatory model.Further,it also expounded the transaction flow and operation mechanism of this model and the impact of electricity spot price.Through the smart contract,the optimization algorithm of multi-objective search based on particle swarm optimization that use multi-objective search was run by a programmatic script.Through the algorithm,the sales company can achieve the optimal selection of multiple options for the development of electricity under the opening electricity.Then they can take exchange of the information through ETI.And to ensure the real-time transaction information,which improve transaction efficiency and provide timely information for the clean energy power plant to adjust the transaction price information.It can also provide a reference for the operation of the electricity spot market which achieves dispatching transaction to decentralize.