中国基层社会治理中的自治、法治与德治

Self-governance, Rule of Law, Rule of Virtue and Their Combination in Community-level Social Governance

基层社会治理中自治、法治与德治是可以结合而且必须结合的。自治是法治与德治的基础,法治是自治与德治的边界和保障,德治是较高追求,德治以自治与法治为基石,并对自治与法治形成有力补充。"三治"各有侧重,有优先次序,但更需要同时发力、交织前进,以能发挥"三治"结合的"乘数效应"。"三治"结合并非自治、法治与德治的简单相加和组合,而要把它视作一个有机整体。这要求"三治"建设在组织架构上坚持整体论,摒弃还原论;在治理边界上处理好政府统筹和基层社会探索之间的紧张关系,发挥政府助长和能促作用;在治理载体上因地制宜、自主探索,寻找彰显自治活力、法治精神和德治正气的有效载体。同时,还要发挥社会力量的"点睛"作用,将这些要素激活,使社会运转起来。

Self-governance,Rule of Law,Rule of Virtue (SLV)in community-level social governance can be combined and must be combined.The self-governance is the base of the rule of law and the rule of virtue. The rule of law is the boundary and guarantee forself-governance and rule of virtue.The rule of virtue is a higher goal and based on self-governance and the rule of law,and it strongly complements to self-governance and the rule of law.Self-governance,the rule of law and the rule of virtue have different priorities and priorities,but it is more necessary to combine and even integrate and play the "multiplier effect"of SLV.The combination of SLV is not a simple addition,but it should be regarded as an organic whole.It requires adherence to the holistic theory in the organizational structure,and abandoning the reductionism;on the governance boundary,we must handle the relationship between the government's coordination and the social autonomy and play the role of government's facilitating and enabling; additionally,it is necessary to find effective vehicles that carry the vitality of self-governance,the spirit of the rule of law,and the positive of virtue.At the same time,we must also play the "catfish effect"of social power to activate these elements,and make the whole society work better.