人蛔虫一雌多雄交配方式的遗传学证据

Genetic Evidence for Polyandry Mating Patterns of Ascaris lumbricoides

为探讨人蛔虫是否存在一雌多雄制的交配方式,本试验使用5个微卫星位点对5个人蛔虫家系进行研究,毛细管电泳测定母本人蛔虫及其子代的基因型。采用等位基因计数法和GERUD2.0软件进行父系分析,并对这些微卫星位点的遗传多样性进行分析。在这5个微卫星位点共检测到43个等位基因,多态信息含量在0.506到0.816之间,表明这5个微卫星位点均表现出较高的多态性。父系分析表明每个家系至少存在两个父亲,其中有一个家系存在3个父亲,两个家系存在至少2个父亲,两个家系存在至少4个父亲,且每个家系中父亲的贡献率不同。本研究首次获得人蛔虫存在一雌多雄制的交配模式的证据,这对人蛔虫的流行病学、抗药性及遗传变异研究有重要的理论依据,且有助于公共卫生控制策略的制定。

In order to investigate whether there is polyandry mating pattern in Ascaris lumbricoides, five microsatellite loci were used for the study of lineage of five families. The genotype of the female and its offspring were detected on capillary eletrophoresis. The allele counting method and the GERUD 2.0 software were used to carry out the patrilineal analysis, and analyzed the genetic diversity of these microsatellite loci. A total of 43 alleles were detected at these five microsatellite loci, and the polymorphic information content was between 0.506 and 0.816, indicating that these five microsatellite loci all showed relatively high polymorphism. Patrilineal analysis revealed that every family had at least two fathers. There was a family of three fathers, two families with at least two fathers, and two families with at least four fathers. In each family, there were different father contribution rates. In this study, the evidence of polyandry mating pattern was obtained for the first time, which might provide an important theoretical basis for the epidemiology, the drug resistance and the genetic variation research, and contribute to the formulation of public health control strategies.