嗜酸嗜热浸矿微生物

Acidophilic and Thermophilic Leaching Microorganisms

随着人们对浸矿菌的研究不断加深,嗜热嗜酸菌的浸矿潜力及在微生物冶金中的作用和地位得到认识,利用嗜热菌对矿石进行高效浸出已成为微生物冶金领域的研究重点。嗜热微生物包括中度嗜热微生物和极端嗜热微生物,主要栖息于热泉、工厂高温废水排放区以及火山口等高温环境中。本综述总结了嗜热浸矿微生物种类,分析了嗜中温菌和极端嗜热菌等嗜酸菌种的生长习性、利用的能源物质、浸矿能力等,并进一步介绍了嗜热嗜酸微生物在高温生物冶金中的发展及应用。

With the deepening of the study of leaching bacteria, the bioleaching potential of thermoacidophile and the function and status in microbiological metallurgy have been recognized. The high efficient leaching of ore by thermophilic bacteria has become the research focus in the field of microbial metallurgy. Thermophilic microorganisms include moderate thermophilic microorganisms and extreme thermophilic microorganisms, which mainly live in high temperature areas such as hot springs, high temperature wastewater discharge areas and crater. In this research, the species of thermophilic leaching microorganisms were summarized, and the growth habits, energy materials utilized and bioleaching capacity in acidophilic bacteria such as mesophiles and extreme thermophiles were analyzed. The development and application of thermophilic acidophilic microorganism in high temperature bio-metallurgy were further introduced.