植物胚性愈伤诱导的机理及提高途径

Mechanism and Improvement of Embryogenic Callus Induction in Plants

对植物胚性愈伤诱导的研究结果进行综合分析,寻找植物胚性愈伤诱导参与的基因、诱导的机理、甲基化与提高植物胚性愈伤诱导途径之间的联系,探索提高植物胚性愈伤诱导几率的可能途径,为转化困难的植物的基因工程操作奠定基础。LBD(laterial organboundaries domain)家族基因、伤口诱导脱分化蛋白WIND1(wound induced dedifferentiation1)、AP2/ERF转录因子BABYBOOM等参与了植物胚性愈伤诱导的过程;DNA甲基化在这个过程中也发挥了重要作用,植物胚性细胞通过PCG和PKL通路两种表观遗传途径促使胚性细胞保持胚性。这些研究结果表明,通过筛选距离合子胚最近的体细胞作为外植体,利用分子标记进行筛选具有胚性的细胞或组织作为外植体进行培养,在培养基中添加去甲基化的试剂等方法可能能够提高植物胚性愈伤诱导的比例,转化困难的农作物的基因工程育种有望得到显著改进。

The results of plant embryogenic callus induction were analyzed synthetically to find out the genes involved in plant embryogenic callus induction, the mechanism of induction, the relationship between methylation and the pathway of improving plant embryogenic callus induction. The possible ways to increase the probability of plant embryogenic callus induction were explored, which might lay the foundation for improving genetic manipulation of plantswith hard transformation. LBD(laterial organ boundaries domain) family gene,wound induced dedifferentiation protein WIND1, and AP2/ERF transcription factor BABYBOOM participated in the process of inducing plant embryogenic callus. DNA methylation also played important roles in this process. Plant embryogenic cells maintained embryogenesis through two epigenetic pathways, PCG and PKL pathway. These results suggested that the proportion of plant embryogenic callus induction could be increased by screening somatic cells closest to zygotic embryos as explants, screening cells or tissueswith embryogenic properties as explants by molecular markers, and adding demethylation reagents in medium. Genetic engineering breeding of crops with hard transformation is expected to be improved significantly.