北京市怀柔区职业人群布鲁菌病防治知识及行为调查

Investigation on brucellosis prevention knowledge and behavior among occupational groups in Huairou District of Beijing

目的了解北京市怀柔区职业人群布鲁菌病(布病)相关防治知识掌握与行为习惯等现状。方法于2016年4—7月采用现场问卷调查的方法,对北京市怀柔区职业人群开展布病相关知识知晓情况和相关危险行为习惯调查。结果共收回有效问卷211份,布病相关知识总知晓率为37.54%,其中布病的高危人群、主要症状、感染方式、传播途径以及主要预防措施5方面知识知晓率分别为33.18%、35.66%、44.08%、46.92%和37.16%。不同年龄、职业、文化程度和收入水平职业人群的知晓率比较差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.01)。“在接触牲畜时不采取防护措施”这一习惯者所占调查对象总数的比例最高,为43.88%,而“在接触牲畜后不洗手”者所占比例最低,为3.57%;布病防治知识得分与行为习惯得分之间存在较弱的正相关性(r=0.20,P<0.05)。结论怀柔区职业人群布病防治知识相对淡薄,应进一步通过多种途径,加强对职业人群尤其是高年龄、低文化程度、低收入人群及农民散养户等重点人群布病相关防治知识的宣传教育与行为干预。

[Objective] To understand the awareness of brucellosis prevention knowledge and behavior in population with occupational exposures in Huairou District of Beijing.[Methods]The questionnaire survey was performed from April to July in 2016,to investigate the awareness of brucellosis prevention knowledge and risk behavior in population with occupational exposures in Huairou District of Beijing.[Results]A total of 211 validated questionnaires were returned. The overall awareness rate of brucellosis prevention related knowledge was 37.54%. The awareness rate of knowledge related to the high risk population, main symptom,infection way,transmission route and main preventive measures was 33.18% ,35.66% ,44.08% ,46.92% and 37.16% ,respectively. There were statistically significant differences in the awareness rate among different groups in age, occupation,education level and income level (all P<0.01). The proportion of people who had the behavior of contacting with cattle/sheep without protective measures was the highest(43.88%),while the people who had the behavior of no hand-washing after contacting with cattle/sheep was the lowest (3.57%). The weak positive correlation was observed between the awareness of brucellosis prevention related knowledge and the prevalence of related behaviors (r=0.20,P<0.05).[Conclusion]The awareness rate of brucellosis prevention related knowledge is low among occupational groups in Huairou District. It is necessary to further strengthen publicity,education and behavioral intervention on the knowledge of prevention and control of brucellosis among the occupational groups,especially those with old age,low education level,low-income and farmers.