岳阳市8～21岁学生视力不良现状及其影响因素

Poor eyesight and its influence factors among students aged 8-21 years old in Yueyang City

目的了解岳阳市不同年龄段学生视力状况及其影响因素,为进一步采取健康干预措施提供科学依据。方法利用在全国范围内开展的“全国学生常见病及健康危险因素监测”岳阳市检测点2017年10—12月检测结果的数据,选择其中视力检测数据和相关问卷调查结果进行分析。结果共调查岳阳市8~21岁学生1920人,其视力不良检出率随年龄的增长逐渐上升,各年龄段视力不良程度进行比较,重度>中度>轻度,大学>高中>初中>小学(χ^2=92.215,P<0.01)。女生视力不良检出率(74.38%)高于男生(68.89%),充足的睡眠、每周增加喝牛奶的次数、增加户外活动、体重正常是视力不良的保护因素。上网时间过长、睡眠时间不足、体重过轻或超重肥胖、户外时间过短、每周喝牛奶的次数过少是视力不良的危险因素。结论岳阳市8~21岁学生视力不良随着年龄增长而上升,且重度视力不良占比最高;视力不良女生>男生;视力不良与睡眠、户外活动、每喝牛奶的次数、体重、上网时间等因素有关。

[Objective]To understand the eyesight status and its influence factors among students of different ages in Yueyang City, provide scientific evidence for further health interventions.[Methods]Using the data of Monitoring of common diseases and health risk factors for students in China in Yueyang City from October to December in 2017,the visual acuity test data and related questionnaire survey results were selected and analyzed.[Results]Totally 1 920 students aged 8-21 years old in Yueyang City were investigated,and the detection rate of poor eyesight increased gradually with age. The visual acuity degree of different age groups were compared,and the results were: severe>moderate>mild,university>high school>junior high school>primary school(χ^2=92.215, P<0.01). The incidence of poor eyesight in girls(74.38%) was higher than that of boys(68.89%). Adequate sleep,increasing the frequency of milk intake a week,increasing outdoor activity,and normal weight were the protective factors for poor vision. The risk factors for poor eyesight included long time on line,lack of sleep,underweight or overweight and obesity,too short outdoor time,and lower frequency of milk intake a week.[Conclusion]The rate of poor visual acuity among students aged 8-21 years old in Yueyang City increase with age,and the proportion of severe poor vision is the highest.The incidence of poor eyesight in girls is higher than that of boys. The poor eyesight is related to sleep,outdoor activities,the frequency of milk intake,weight and time of internet.