1185年诺曼人入侵塞萨洛尼基原因探析

An Analysis of the Cause of Norman Incursion into Thessalonica in 1185

诺曼人是兴起于北欧的海盗民族,经过数个世纪的持续扩张,其势力到12世纪已经渗透至地中海北部区域。在进一步将海外拓殖的步伐延伸到巴尔干地区后,诺曼人将主要矛头指向拜占庭帝国,并于1185年强势攻陷拜占庭帝国的第二大城市塞萨洛尼基。诺曼人入侵塞萨洛尼基固然有拜占庭帝国科穆宁王朝步入穷途末路和塞萨洛尼基的城市地位等因素,但根本因素则在于其崛起过程中所逐渐形成的取代拜占庭帝国和在地中海世界谋求霸业的扩张企图。

As a race of northern Europe pirate,the Normans had infiltrated into the Northern Mediterranean in the 12 th century by their several centuries expansion. After they extended overseas colonization as far as Balkan Peninsula,the Normans considered Byzantium as their main enemy and captured the second largest city Thessalonica in Byzantium forcefully in 1185. The causes of Normans invasion of Thessalonica included deteriorating state of Byzantine Comneni Dynasty and the city’s position,but the root cause was Normans’ ambition formed during their rise to succeed in Byzantium and try for hegemony in Mediterranean.