拜占庭史家普罗柯比笔下皇后塞奥多拉的形象及影响力探析

On the Images and Influences of Empress Theodora in the Narratives of Byzantine Historian Procopius

作为查士丁尼一世的伴侣,六世纪拜占庭皇后塞奥多拉受到了普罗柯比等拜占庭史家的关注。在公开的记载中,塞奥多拉虔诚而慈善,拥有良好的声誉。然而,在普罗柯比当时未公开的《秘史》一书中,塞奥多拉不仅私德败坏,而且频繁插手政事。究其原因,普罗柯比在《秘史》中对塞奥多拉干政等活动的负面描述反映了作者男性文人学者的视角,同时也与这一时期拜占庭帝国逐渐下行的发展趋势密切相关。事实上,塞奥多拉的政治影响力完全来自查士丁尼一世的皇帝地位。塞奥多拉或在查士丁尼一世的授意下,或在揣摩查士丁尼一世心思的情况下进行了诸多的干政活动。

As the partner of Justinian I,the Byzantine Empress Theodora which lived in the 6 th Century received attentions from Byzantine historians including Procopius. In the public records,Theodora was a charitable,sincere and good-reputation empress. However,in the Secret History of Procopius which was not disclosed then,the image of Theodora was corrupt,and frequently interfered with political affairs. Procopius’ s negative description in Secret History on Theodora’s interference in domestic affairs reflected angel of men scholars,closely related to the gradually downward development trend of Byzantine Empire during this period too. Under the behest,or tried to figure out the mind of Justinian I,Theodora interfered in domestic affairs of Byzantine Empire repeatedly.