外界因素处理对烟草种子萌发和幼苗的影响

Effects of external factors on the germination and seedling of tobacco seeds

笔者以烟草种子为材料,利用光照培养箱,研究温度、激素(IAA、GA3、KT、2,4-D)、重金属铅离子对烟草种子萌发和幼苗生长的影响。结果发现,在25℃条件下,低浓度的GA3对烟草种子萌发有促进作用,且其对茎伸长的促进效应明显强于对根伸长的促进效应,烟草种子对100 mg/L的GA3浓度最敏感;15℃条件下,对照组蒸馏水处理条件下烟草种子发芽率较高,激素处理反而对其存在抑制作用,其中2,4-D对烟草种子萌发的抑制作用最大;高浓度的IAA对烟草种子的萌发有一定的抑制作用;低温条件(15℃)处理烟草种子,其活力优于25℃时种子的活力;15℃150mg/L KT处理烟草种子,种子的活力接近对照组,其他浓度有明显的抑制作用。50 mg/L～100 mg/L Pb2+对烟草种子的发芽势和发芽率均没有影响,300 mg/L～900 mg/L Pb2+处理的烟草种子,其发芽势和发芽率均下降,其中900 mg/L Pb2+处理的烟草种子萌发率低,生长缓慢。

With the materials of tobacco seeds,the effects of temperature,hormone (IAA,GA3,KT,2,4-D)and heavy metal ions of Pb on the seed germination and seedling growth of tobacco were studied under the condition of artificial illumination incubator.The results show that when the temperature is 25℃,GA3 with low eoncemtratopm has a promoting effect on the germination of tobacco seeds, and its promoting effect on stem elongation is stronger than that on root elongation.Tobacco seeds are sensitive to the concentration of GA3 in 100mg/L most.When the temperature is 15℃,the germination rate of tobacco seeds is higher under the condition of distilled water treatment in the control group,on the contrary,it is inhibited by the hormone treatment,in which 2,4-D has the largest effect.Large concentration of IAA has inhibitory effect on the seed germination of tobacco to a certain extent.The seed vigor is higher when under 15℃ than 25℃.And the seed vigor under 150mg/L KT at 15℃ is close to that with water.The concentration of.50mg/L-100mg/L for Pb^2+ has no effect on germination energy and germination percentage of tobacco seeds,while the germination energy and germination rate of tobacco seeds decrease when it is treated by Pb^2+ of 300mg/L-900mg/L,tobacco seeds treated with Pb^2+ of 900mg/L have low germination percentage and slow growth.