改革开放四十年:中国农业产业组织的变革与前瞻

Forty Years of Reform and Opening up:Transformation and Prospect of Agricultural Industrial Organization in China

本文回顾与研究新中国建立以来尤其是改革开放四十年来我国农业产业组织与组织体系的演变、存在问题及未来发展。论文首先从产业组织三维观察视角与农业产业组织制度特征分析入手,阐述了我国农业产业组织尤其是农民合作组织的变革过程与轨迹,揭示了改革开放前30年农民合作组织的形成与异化,改革开放后30年农民合作组织的缺位和成因,近10年农民合作组织的发展和特征。其次,对当前我国农业产业组织异化现象和主体行为扭曲、转型过程中异质性农民组织化滞后、产业融合发展中不同组织利益连接机制、信息化与互联网发展对农业产业组织影响、集体经济组织与农民专业合作组织兼容等问题作了剖析。而后,对我国农业产业组织进一步发展作了五个方面的前瞻和政策提示。

This paper reviews and studies the evolution,existing problems and future development of China's agricultural industry organization and organization system since the founding of New China,es- pecially in the past 40years of reform and opening up.Firstly ,from the perspective of three-dimensional observation of industrial organization,the paper expounds the characteristics of agricultural industrial or- ganization and the transformation process and track of agricultural industrial organization,particularly the farmer cooperative organization in China,and reveals the formation and alienation of farmer coopera- tive organization in the 30years before and after the reform and opening up,and the causes and the ab- sence of farmer cooperative organization in the 30years after the reform and opening up,as well as .the deveXopment and characteristics of farmers'cooperative organizations in recent 10years.Secondly,cer- tain issues have been analyzed such as the phenomenon of distortion and alienation of subject behavior of agricuhural organizations in China;the organization lag behind of heterogeneous farmers in the process,of transformation;the interests mechanism of different organizations in the development of indus- trial integration;the impact of informatization and intemet development on agricultural industry organi- zations ;compatibility between collective economic organizations and farmers'professional cooperative organizations in rural^and so on.Then,it gives policy hints from five perspectives for the further devel- opment of agricultural industrial organization in China.