不同生长年限的6种重楼属植物根茎中9种皂苷含量动态累积比较

Dynamic Accumulation Comparison of Nine Saponins in the Rhizomes of Six Paris Plants with Different Growth Period

目的:比较6种重楼属植物根茎中皂苷的含量及不同生长年限的重楼根茎中皂苷的含量。方法:采集6个品种、不同年限的重楼属植物根茎,采用液相色谱-串联质谱法(LC-MS/MS法)测定根茎中9种皂苷的含量。结果:重楼根茎中皂苷含量因生长年限不同而变化,总体呈先上升后下降的趋势;七叶一枝花与竹溪重楼中的皂苷总含量于第6年达到峰值,球药隔重楼和毛重楼中皂苷总含量于第7年达到峰值,长药隔重楼中皂苷含量于第4年达到峰值;不同重楼属植物中的皂苷种类及其含量存在一定的差异;重楼皂苷Ⅰ含量在七叶一枝花中最高,重楼皂苷Ⅱ含量在滇重楼中最高,重楼皂苷Ⅵ和重楼皂苷Ⅶ在球药隔重楼中的含量最高;球药隔重楼4种皂苷总含量较高。结论:重楼属植物中皂苷含量的累积与生长年限关系密切,除中国药典收载品种外,其他品种的重楼亦具有较大开发潜力。

Objective: To compare the content of saponin in the rhizomes of six Paridis plants and the content of saponin in the same species of Paridis with different growth years. Methods: The rhizomes of Paridis were collected from six Paris plants with different growth period. The contents of nine saponins were determined by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry( LC-MS/MS). Results: The contents of saponins varied with growth year,and the overall trend was gradually increased,and then declined. The contents of saponins in the rhizomes of Paris polyphylla Smith var. chinensis( Franch.) Hara and Paris qiliangensis H. Li et J. Yang reached the highest in the sixth year,those of P. fargesii Franch. and Paris mairei Lévl. reached the highest in the seventh year,and those in Paris polyphylla var. pseudothibetica H. Li in Bull reached the highest in the fourth year. The kinds and contents of saponins in the rhizomes varied with species. The content of saponin Ⅰ was the highest in Paris polyphylla Smith var. chinensis( Franch.) Hara; the content of saponin Ⅱ was the highest in Paris polyphylla Smith var. yunnanensis( Franch.) Hand.-Mazz; the contents of saponinⅥ and saponinⅦ were the highest in P. fargesii Franch. Conclusion: The accumulation of saponins in the rhizomes is closely related to the growth year of Paris plants. Apart from the species listed in the pharmacopoeia,the other species also have great potential for exploitation.