基于多维贫困视角的农户益贫分析

Did the Poor benefit more than others?——Pro-poor Analysis based onmultidimensional poverty

基于对贫困多维性的认识,本文从收入、教育、健康、卫生设施等维度对我国农村2004-2015年间的发展进行了益贫性评价。新世纪以来,我国政府高度注重经济增长、增加农民收入和扶贫工作,在农村推行了一系列惠民政策和项目,如增强农村义务教育、实‘施农村新型合作医疗制度、改水改厕工程等,这些措施显著改善了农户的人力资本积累和生产生活条件。本文研究结果表明,我国农村贫困不仅规模减少,而且总体而言,贫困农户受益比其他农户更多。贫困农户不仅收入增长率高于平均水平,而且贫困农户的健康、饮水安全的改善也显著高于其他农户。贫困农户的教育提高没有达到平均水平,今后仍需要关注贫困群体的教育投资。农村厕所卫生的改善幅度整体上远远滞后于收入和健康等状况的改善,且贫困农户改善更少。为多维度保证贫困农户的受益,未来农村发展中除应继续提升农村经济水平、加强教育、医疗、卫生等民生工程的投入。还应格外关注贫困农户的教育和卫生设施的改善。

Based on multidimensional poverty framework,this paper investigates the pro-poor growth form 2004to 2015in terms of income,education ,health and sanitary facilities.The Chinese government emphasized the economic growth and rural income growth as well as provided more public services such as rural education,new rural cooperative medical system,water supply and toilet-rebuilt,which increased the rural welfare.The results of this paper indicate that the poor household has benefitted more on income growth and health improvement.But the improvements of education and the sanitary toilets in poor households were still not enough.The education of the poor did not reached the average level in rural areas and The improvement of rural toilets was lagging far behind the improvement of income and health.In order to ensure the benefits of the poor in the rural areas,the government should pay more attention to the investment of education and sanitary facilities in the future.