不同剂量T-2毒素对BALB/c母鼠及子代小鼠脏器和骨骼的影响

Effects of different doses of T-2toxin on organs and bones of BALB/c pregnant mice and their offspring mice

目的观察不同剂量T-2毒素对BALB/c母鼠及子代小鼠脏器和骨骼的影响。方法选择清洁级6周龄BALB/c小鼠雌性60只、雄性30只,雌鼠按体质量采用随机数字表法分为对照组,低、中、高剂量组,每组15只。与雄鼠交配后,各组所得受孕鼠分别为14、10、9、15只,自孕期第0天起饮食干预(饲以含T-2毒素0、600、1200、2400ng/g的饲料)直至子代小鼠成年(6周龄)。观察两代小鼠生长状况、脏器系数(包括心、肝、肾、胸腺、脾、脑),拍摄骨骼x线片并光镜下观察脏器组织(包括肝、胸腺、脾、骺板软骨)病理学改变。结果4组母鼠脏器系数组间比较差异无统计学意义(P均>0.05);骨骼X线片未见异常。雌性子代小鼠心、肝、肾脏器系数组间比较差异元统计学意义(F=0.233、2.196、0.430,P均>0.05),胸腺、脾、脑脏器系数组间比较差异有统计学意义(F=3.683、3.148、4.498,P均<0.05),且中剂量组胸腺系数高于对照组,高剂量组胸腺系数低于其他3组,染毒各组脾脏系数均高于对照组,而脑系数均低于对照组(P均<0.05)。雄性子代小鼠胸腺、脑脏器系数组间比较差异无统计学意义(F=2.447、1.620,P均>0.05),心、肝、肾、脾脏器系数组间比较差异有统计学意义(F=5.339、2.738、11.435、2.872,P均<0.05),且高剂量组心脏系数低于对照组和低剂量组,中、高剂量组肝、肾脏器系数低于对照组和低剂量组,染毒各组脾脏系数均高于对照组(P均<0.05)。染毒组子代小鼠的肝、胸腺、脾、骺板软骨组织均观察到不同程度的病理改变;中、高剂量组子代小鼠的骨骼X线片可见骨骺增生。结论T-2毒素对母鼠未见明显影响,但可造成子代小鼠脏器与骺板软骨损伤,且脏器损伤部位与性别有关。

Objective To study the effects of different doses of T-2toxin on organs and bones of BALB/c pregnant mice and their offspring mice.Methods Sixty female SPF BALB/c mice at the age of 6-weeks were mated with 306-week-old male SPF BALB/c mice.Female mice were divided into control,low dose,medium dose and high dose groups according to body weight via the random digital table method,with 15mice in each group. After mating with male mice,the pregnant mice in each group were 14,10,9and 15,respectively.Nutritional interventions (feed:the doses of T-2toxin were 0,600,1200and 2400ng/g,respectively)were initiated from the gestation day 0until the first generation mice were grown up (6-weeks-old).The growth status and organ coefficient (heart,liver,kidney,thymus,spleen and brain)of the two generations in each period were recorded.Skeletal X-ray photographs of the two generations were taken by digital radiography.The histopathological changes in the organs (liver,thymus,spleen and epiphyseal cartilage)of the two generations were observed under light microscope.Results Among the pregnant mice,there were no significant differences in organ coefficients (P >0.05).No abnormalities were observed in each group of skeletal X-ray photographs.In the female generation mice,there were no significant differences in the coefficients of heart,liver and kidney (F =0.233,2.196,0.430,P >0.05),while there were significant differences in the coefficients of thymus,spleen and brain (F=3.683,3.148,4.498,P <0.05),and the thymus coefficient of medium dose group was higher than that of control group;the thymus coefficient of high dose group was lower than that of other three groups;the spleen coefficients of the three dose groups were higher than that of control group;the brain coefficients of the three dose groups were lower than that of control group (P <0.05).In the male generation mice,there were no significant differences in the coefficients of thymus and brain (F =2.447,1.620,P > 0.05),while there were significant differences in the coefficients of heart,liver,kidney and spleen (F =5.339,2.738, 11.435,2.872,P <0.05),and the heart coefficient of high dose group was lower than that of control group and low dose group;the coefficients of liver and kidney in medium dose and high dose groups were lower than those in control and low dose groups;the spleen coefficients of the three dose groups were higher than that of control group (P <0.05).The pathological changes of liver,thymus,spleen and epiphyseal cartilage were found in dose exposure groups;epiphyseal hyperplasia was found in the skeletal X-ray photographs of medium and high dose groups. Conclusion T-2toxin has no significant effects on pregnant mice,but it could cause damage to the organs and epiphyseal plate cartilage of the first generation,and the location of the injury is related to gender.