淮河生态经济带水质时空变化特征

Variations of Spatial-temporal Characteristics of Water Quality in Huaihe Eco-economic Belt

应用统计分析Topsis和聚类分析方法分析了淮河生态经济带水质的时空分异特征,发现不同水质指标的年内波动差异较大,pH值波动较小,但DO、CODMn、NH3-N波动较大,且站点间差异亦大;苏皖豫三省pH值年内时序上具较好同步性,DO季节差异突出,冬春季偏高,夏秋季偏低,CODMn以江苏省最低,安徽省最高,河南省波动最大,江苏省NH3-N波动最小且稳定,但河南与安徽两省波动大且冬季稍偏高;空间上以淮河干流水质较好,但干流北侧支流水系的水质较差;水质站点空间上可划为三大类型,其中站点S7、S9、S10、S14、S18为水质较差类,多位于支流水系,站点S2、S4、S5、S6、S11、S12、S13、S15、S16为水质中等类,站点S1、S3、S8、S17、S19、S20属水质总体优良类。

Statistical analysis,Topsis and cluster analysis methods are used to evaluate the variation of spatial-temporal characteristics of water quality in Huaihe Eco-economic Belt.The results show that it has a relatively larger change range for different water quality indices,the change range of pH is relatively small while DO,CODMnand NH3-N have a larger change ranges,where it varies greatly for the different water quality stations.A nice in phase change of water quality in three provinces can be found for pH in 2016.Seasonal variation is larger in DO,where it is higher in winter and spring while lower in summer and autumn.The lowest annual change of CODMnis in Jiangsu but the highest variation of CODMnis in Henan.The change of NH3-N is small in Jiangsu and it also has a very narrow variation ranges,however,the change range is larger in Henan and Anhui where larger values appeared in winter.Spatially,the water quality in the main stream of the Huaihe river is better,but it is worse in the northern tributaries.The 20 water quality monitoring stations can be clustered into three categories,a cluster named worse water quality stations consists of Stations S7,S9,S10,S14 and S18;another cluster named medium water quality stations consists of Stations S2,S4,S5,S6,S11,S12,S13,S15 and S16;and the third cluster named nice water quality stations consists of Station S1,S3,S8,S17,S19 and S20.