太行山南麓山区不同植被恢复类型土壤理化和细根结构特征

Soil physicochemical properties and fine root characteristics of different restored vegetation types in southern Taihang Mountain

在干旱半干旱地区,由于水分匮乏、土壤贫瘠等因素,将形成一定的裸地斑块,而这些斑块极易造成水土流失、滑坡等灾害,而具有不同植被覆盖的林地则能有效的保持水土。为完善干旱半干旱地区不同植被恢复类型下土壤理化和细根特征,选择太行山南麓山区具有代表性的裸露地、草地、荆条地、侧柏地、栓皮地和刺槐地等植被恢复类型,比较了各植被恢复类型下的土壤养分、粒径及细根状况等差异。研究表明:1)相对于裸露地,有植被覆盖的植被恢复类型拥有良好的土壤及细根状况。2)在不同植被类型中,刺槐林的有效氮转化速率较高;侧柏林有较高的细根参数;草地能够提高土壤中可吸收的磷组分。3)林地类型和土层均对土壤中含水率、黏粒、细根生物量和比根长产生极显著影响(P<0.001)。4)各植被类型的对于土壤斑块的利用能力不同;不同植被类型中土壤及细根状况变化量具有一定的相似性,研究为生态恢复中植被类型的合理布局提供了新思路。

Soil erosion,landslides,and other disasters are usually caused by bare patches formed by a lack of water and barren soil in arid and semi-arid areas. Furthermore,forest habitat types with different vegetation cover are fundamental for conserving soil nutrients and moisture. Therefore,soil characteristics of different vegetation types in forest habitat restoration in arid and semi-arid areas should be determined. In the present study,we selected bare land,grassland,and Vitex negundo,Platycladus orientalis,and Robinia pseudoacacia lands to analyze the soil physical and chemical properties,and fine root characteristics in the different restored forest vegetation types. The results were as follows: 1) the soil and fine root condition in the restored vegetation types were better than that of the bare land; 2) the R. pseudoacacia land had a high effective nitrogen conversion rate,P.orientalis land had outstanding fine root parameters,and grassland showed improved absorbable phosphorus fractions in the different restored vegetation types; 3) both land types and soil layer had significant effects on the soil moisture content,clay,fine root biomass,and specific root length (P<0.001); 4) the utilization ability of soil patches differed in each restored vegetation type. The changes of soil and fine root characteristics may be similar in the different vegetation types. This study provides an insight into the proper distribution of vegetation types in the process of ecological restoration.