济南市森林生态系统服务功能的维持机制

Research on maintenance mechanism for ecosystem services function of forests in Ji'nan City

森林作为陆地生态系统的重要组成部分,在维持生物多样性、固碳、水源涵养和木材供应等方面起着不可替代的作用。依据《森林生态系统服务功能评估规范》(LY/T1721—2008),以济南市12个林分类型为研究对象,对济南市森林生态系统服务功能维持机制进行研究,得出济南市年森林生态系统涵养水源、保育土壤、固碳释氧、林木积累营养物质、净化大气环境、生物多样性保护的价值为251.80亿元。其中,涵养水源、固碳释氧、生物多样性保护排在前3位;不同林分类型生态系统服务功能价值量中黑杨类和柏类占绝对优势,而泡桐、落叶松和竹林生态系统服务功能较弱;不同林龄生态系统服务功能价值量以中幼龄林为主;济南市森林生态系统服务功能的维持机制,受到森林资源面积、林龄结构、森林起源以及自然保护区建设等诸多因素的影响。

As an important component of the terrestrial ecosystem,forests play an irreplaceable role in maintenance of biodiversity,carbon sequestration,water conservation,and timber supply. Based on the criteria for evaluating forest ecosystem services function (LY/T1721—2008),12 forest types in Ji'nan City were selected as the research object,and the maintenance mechanism of the forest ecosystem services function in Ji'nan City was studied. It was concluded that the annual forest ecosystem in Ji'nan City has a value of 25.18 billion yuan for water conservation,soil conservation,carbon fixation and oxygen release,nutrient accumulation,air purification,and biodiversity conservation. Among these,water conservation,carbon fixation and oxygen release,and biodiversity conservation were ranked as the top 3. Populus nigra L. and Platycladus orientalis L. are dominant in the ecosystem services value of different stand types,whereas Paulownia fortunei,Larix spp. and Bamboo are less dominant. The value of the ecosystem services function of forests of different ages is mainly provided by middle-age and young forests. The maintenance mechanism of forest ecosystem services function in Ji' nan City is affected by many factors,including forest resource area,stand structure,forest origin,and nature reserve construction.