京津冀地区生态空间识别研究

Identifying regional ecological space in Beijing,Tianjin,and Hebei

生态空间识别是有效维护生态环境和减缓生态退化的有效方法之一,也是生态学目前研究的重要领域。京津冀地区自然禀赋先天不足,由于持续高强度的开发活动,水资源和土地资源的生态压力增大,脆弱的自然生态本底与经济社会发展的矛盾冲突激烈。为了探索基于可持续发展目标的生态空间管控有效方法,依据生态系统服务功能重要性和敏感性评价,以及重点生态功能区、重要生态功能区和生物多样性保护优先区等生态保护重要区域识别,确定了京津冀地区的生态空间。浑善达克沙漠化防治生态功能区、冀北燕山山区和冀西太行山山区,这些重要的区域关系到京津冀地区水资源和生态安全,是京津冀生态安全的重要屏障。生态空间识别将为京津冀地区社会经济可持续发展提供相应的科学依据。

The identification of ecological space is one of the most efficient ways to effectively maintain the ecological environment and to slow down environmental degradation. It is an important field in ecological research. Given that Beijing and Tianjin cities and Hebei Province are all deficient in natural assets,water and land resources have been under considerable pressure over the last 10 yr. In these areas,there exists an intense conflict between conserving the fragile foundations of the natural ecology and the desire for socioeconomic development. In order to explore the ecological space method and its effectiveness on sustainable development,we evaluated the importance and availability of ecological services and identified key areas of ecological functions and areas of biodiversity that would be considered a conservation priority. The Hunshandake Sandy Land,Hebei Province,an area where desertification prevention is a priority,is bordered by the Yan Mountains to the north and the Taihang Mountains to the west. The area is linked to both the water resources and the ecological security of Beijing,Tianjin,and Hebei,making desertification prevention a matter of concern within these populated regions. This study provides a scientific basis for sustainable socioeconomic development.