技术空间扩散与长三角地区的辐射带动作用

Spatial Diffusion of Technology and the Spillover Effects of Yangtze River Delta Region

我国是处于转型阶段的发展中大国,区域发展差异明显。长三角地区作为我国三大增长极之一,拥有领先的经济实力和技术创新能力,在扭转区域发展不平衡方面具有不可替代的作用。本文选择苏浙皖三省和上海市作为技术扩散地区,从知识信息和产业两个层面来研究我国国内技术空间扩散的规律。知识信息层面对应的是R&D外溢效应,产业层面对应的是产业专业化发展。实证结果表明:随着技术扩散地区与技术接收地区之间地理距离的增加,长三角地区的扩散效应会减弱;从平均效应来看,长三角地区的研发投入和产业专业化发展对其他地区的技术进步水平具有正向的影响;而从个体效应来看,长三角三省一市的技术扩散具有差异化的影响。基于理论和实证分析,本文提出各地应加强国内技术扩散体系的建立与完善,减少技术空间扩散的阻碍,使得技术外溢能够更好地被落后地区吸收,并根据地区特色发展适合的技术扩散渠道,形成多元化的技术扩散模式。

As a large deveIoping country,China is undergoing a special transformation,which brings a serious problem of regional imbalance.Yangtze River Delta Region is an important growth pole with outstanding economic power and technological innovative ability. With Yangtze River Delta Region as the source of technology diffusion and other areas as technology receiving region,this paper studies the domestic technology spatial diffusion from two aspects:R&D spending and industrial specialization.Empirical analysis shows the following conclusions.First of all,the effects of technology diffusion becomes weaker as the distance grows.Secondly,the R&D spending and industrial specialization of Yangtze River Delta Region have positive effects on the technical progress of technology receiving region averagely.As for the individual effects, different areas of Yangtze River Delta Region have varing influences on the technical progress of receiving region.Based on the theoretical and empirical analysis, several suggestions are offered.In order to reduce the barriers of technology diffusion,we should attach great importance to improving the system of domestic technology spillovers.Besides,diversified patterns should be formed to adapt to the local circumstances.