中国传统文化的基本形态及其现代转向

The Basic Form and Its Modern Turning of Chinese Traditional Culture

中国传统文化前期的基本形态是儒法合流、兼有黄老,这样一种文化结构解决了人们"今生"的问题,却未能解决"来生"的问题,她作为一种精神背靠是有缺陷的,为宗教文化传入中国留下了可能。佛教传入中国以后,中国文化演变为儒、释、道合流的文化,构成了中国传统文化后期的基本结构。然而,这种结构在近现代中西文明相遇以后,遭遇了西方文化的强势压力,由此开启了中国人向西方学习的进程。在近代,中国人向西方学习经历了技术、制度、文化三个阶段,新文化运动从文化上向西方学习,为中国的现代化确立了两大基本任务:科学与民主。新文化运动为马克思主义在中国的传播奠定了基础,而马克思主义中国化的过程,就是科学与民主内化于中国人思想血液的过程。

The basic form of Chinese traditional culture in the early stage had been the integration of Confucianism,Legalism and Huang-Lao Taoism.This cultural structure solved the problem of "this life",but failed to solve the problem of "next life",which is defective as a kind of spiritual back and leaves possibility for the introduction of religious culture.After the?Buddhism was spread to China,Chinese traditional culture evolved into the fusion of Confucianism,Buddhism and Taoism,which constituted the basic structure of the late Chinese traditional culture.However,after the meeting of Chinese culture and Western culture in modern times,Chinese traditional culture suffered a strong pressure of Western culture,which opened the process that Chinese people learned from the West.In modern times,China has experienced stages of technology,institution and culture in the course of learning from the West.New Culture Movement learned from the West from the layer of culture,which established two basic tasks for Chinese modernization:science and democracy.New Culture Movement laid the foundation for the spread of Marxism in China, and the process of Sinicization of Marxism is the process of science and democracy internalized in the Chinese thought blood.