庆历新政“并省县邑”与北宋中叶的政治生态

Merging of regions as new deal during the reign of Emperor Renzong of Song dynasty

庆历新政"并省县邑"以"减徭役"是宋廷基于外患刺激而企图修内政去"冗"固本的一项重要措施,它的提出有历史和现实的经验。因为改革的轻重先后和党争的困扰而使它在欧阳修的助力下才得以实施,但在被"并省县邑"既得利益者的破坏下,它成为新政十项改革中最后被实行却最先被废止的一项。不过,熙宁变法对它的思想和方法进行了继承和发扬,这正是其历史意义所在。整个过程反映出北宋中叶各方博弈的复杂政治生态,而当时改革的最终失败均与此密切相关。

The merging of regions is regarded as the new deal in Song dynasty during the reign of Emperor Renzong to resolve internal and external conflicts.The new deal as one of ten reforms is formulated reluctantly but abolished readily due to deliberate denouncement of the ruling class.However,the reformers later inherit and advocate its conceptions and methods,which reflects the complicated political ecology by parties in the middle of the Northern Song dynasty.