转化中的失落:1980年代以来回乡知青叙事的自我言说与主体困境

Loss in transformation in self narratives of the intellectual youths from countryside since 1980s

1980年代以来的回乡知青小说塑造了一批徘徊在城乡之间的孤独青年形象,这些人物表现出一种对自我命运的抗争精神,事实上关于这一类人物形象的书写也的确触及到了当时主流意识形态话语、文学话语没有到达的地方,如城乡分治制度和政策给回乡知青造成的特殊现代性体验,以及现代知识体系的局限等。但是,有着回乡经验的作家在表达一代人的历史经验时,仅仅停留在对自身命运和个人问题的关注上,回乡知青难以建立起一种文化认同,继而无法形成一种群体性的身份构建,所以,回乡知青及其文学言说最终难以建立起属于自己的完整话语表达,更无法形成一个真正的历史反思主体。

As the intellectual youths are described as lost in wandering between rural and urban areas in 1980s,they reveal rebellion against fate.Their narratives are complementary with the mainstream and literary discourses in their special experiences and limitations of modern knowledge and education caused by urban and rural partitions.However,when expressing their own historical experiences in the country, writers are simply concerned about their own fate and personal problems,failing to establish a cultural consensus,let alone a true image of historical recollection.