垃圾填埋气提纯生物天然气的碳减排效益分析

Analysis of Carbon Emission Reduction Benefits of Bio-natural Gas Purified from Landfill Gas

垃圾填埋气是清洁低碳的生物质能源,通过净化、提纯后制成生物天然气并入城镇燃气管网或压缩为压缩天然气(CNG),已成为垃圾填埋气综合利用的新模式。环境效益的量化通常通过核算CO_2减排量体现。随着我国自愿减排交易机制的建立,采用自愿减排方法学计算CO_2减排量并申请减排项目,经过审定后可通过碳交易体系获得减排收益。简述垃圾填埋气利用的现状和我国自愿减排交易机制概况,采用自愿减排方法学对北京市某生活垃圾填埋场填埋气提纯生物天然气并压缩为CNG项目的 CO_2减排量进行估算。根据方法学计算基准线排放量和项目排放量,从而计算出项目减排量,得到该项目在2017—2026年10 a间预计年均减排CO_2量为129 812.5 t,年均可获得约649×10~4元的减排收益,经济效益可观。建议相关部门关注适用于垃圾填埋气提纯为CNG项目的方法学,以及在项目可行性研究阶段考虑申请减排项目。

Landfill gas is a clean and low-carbon biomass energy source.The bio-natural gas is produced by cleaning and purifying landfill gas to make the natural gas into urban gas pipeline network or compressed natural gas(CNG),which has become a new mode of comprehensive utilization of landfill gas.The quantification of environmental benefits is usually reflected by accounting CO2 emission reductions.With the establishment of Chinese voluntary emission reduction trading mechanism,the voluntary emission reduction methodology is used to calculate CO2 emission reductions and apply for emission reduction projects.After the approval,the emission reduction income can be obtained through the carbon trading system.The current situation of landfill gas utilization and the overview of Chinese voluntary emission reduction trading mechanism are briefly described.The voluntary emission reduction methodology is adopted to estimate the CO2 emission reductions in the project of landfill gas purification to produce natural gas and compress into CNG for a municipal waste landfill in Beijing.According to the methodology,the baseline emissions and project emissions are calculated to calculate the emission reductions of the project.The estimated average annual CO2 emission reduction of the project is 129 812.5 t in 2017 to 2026,the annual emission reduction income of about 649×104 yuan can be obtained,and the economic benefits are considerable.It is suggested that relevant authorities should pay attention to the methodology applicable to landfill gas purification as CNG projects,and consider applying for emission reduction projects during the project feasibility study phase.