中国改革开放40年的结构变迁与经济增长

Structural Changes and Economic Growth in China's 40-year Reform and Opening-up

本文回顾与总结中国经济40年的发展历程与结构变迁。我们认为,与中国经济增长奇迹相伴随的是经济结构的剧烈变动,其突出特征是由一个传统的农业国不断演化为工业国,并由工业化向城市化演进;由以计划经济为主的国家演化为市场经济的国家。结构性变化呈现两次较大的飞跃,表现为农村——工业(城市工业和乡镇工业)——城市的一个发展主动力推动过程,而正是这两次飞跃导致了我国经济结构的变迁。我们认为,结构变迁与中国的经济体制改革密切相关,呈现比较明显的阶段性。

This paper reviews and summarizes 40 years of economic development and structural changes in China.We believe that the miracle of China's economic growth is accompanied by dramaticchanges in the economic structure,whose prominent feature is that it has evolved from a traditional agricultural country to an industrial one;from industrialization to urbanization;and from planned economy to market economy.The structural changes show two major leaps in terms of countryside-industry (urban industry and township industry)-a driving force for the urban development.It is these two leaps that have led to the changes in China's economic structure.We believe that structural changes are closely related to China's economic system reform and indicate a relatively obvious stage.