孔子弟子与先秦时期《论语》编纂探微

Overview and New Research on Confucius Disciples and the Compilation of The Analects in Pre-Qin Period

先秦时期《论语》成书是一个"层累叠加"的过程,从公元前479年至公元前402年,经历了"初稿集结""首次整理"、"再次整理"和"最终确定"阶段,闵子骞、冉雍、子贡、有若、子夏、子游、曾参、子张及相关孔子弟子的门人参加了不同阶段的编纂。"初稿集结"阶段由闵子骞主持,冉雍、子贡、有若辅助,形成了文本的主体。"首次整理"阶段由子贡、有若主持,子夏、子游、曾参和子张辅助,增加了追忆孔子的内容。"再次整理"阶段由曾参主持,子张、子思辅助,确定了文本的基本结构,始于《学而》,终于《尧曰》。"最终确定"阶段由子思主持,以"曾子"称曾参,以"有子"称有若,增补《季氏》篇。

The writing of The Analects in the Pre-Qin period was a process of layer-by-layer accumulation.From 479BC to 402 BC,it had undergone four stages of first draft assembled,rearrangement,second finishing and final determination.In the process, Minziqian,Ranyong,Zi gong,Youruo,Zixia,Ziyou,Zengshen,Zizhang and the related disciples were involved in various stages of the compilation.The assembly stage was presided over by Minziqian,with Ranyong,Zigong and Youruo as assistants,formed the main body of the text.The first finishing stage was conducted by Zigong and Youruo,with Zixia,Ziyou,Zengshen and Zizhang as assistants,adding the memory of Confucius.The third stage of finishing was presided by Zengshen and assisted by Zizhang and Zisi,which determined the basic structure of the text,starting from Learn And(《学而》)and ending from Yao's words (《尧曰》).The final confirmation stage was presided by Zisi,with Zengzi called Zengshen and Youzi called Youruo,adding Jishi chapter.