眼球摘除术后患者适应性挑战的现象学研究

A phenomenological study of adaptive challenges in patients after ophthalmectomy

目的探讨眼球摘除术后患者面临的适应性挑战,为制订有效的干预措施提供依据。方法采用质性研究中的现象学研究方法,对2016年5月—2017年6月在陆军军医大学第一附属医院行单侧眼球摘除术和义眼台植入术的20例患者进行深入访谈,根据Colaizzi现象学7步分析法进行资料分析。结果眼球摘除术后患者适应性挑战可归纳为间断性的疼痛症状、矛盾而复杂的情绪、自我效能低下、社会支持缺乏4个主题。结论明确患者适应性挑战类型并给予相应的干预措施是眼球摘除术后患者应关注的重点,护理人员应帮助患者和家属适应疾病并培养新的自我管理技能,从而提高眼球摘除术患者的生活质量。

Objective To explore the adaptive challenge in the patients after ophthalmectomy,and to provide basis for effective interventions. Methods Based on the phenomenological research method in qualitative study,in-depth interviews were conducted in 20 patients with ophthalmectomy in The First Hospital Affiliated to Army Military Medical University during May 2016 and June 2017. The data were analyzed by Colaizzi’s sevenstep analysis. Results The adaptive challenge in the patients after ophthalmectomy mainly included the symptoms of intermittent pain,contradictory and complex emotions,low self-efficacy,and lack of social support. Conclusion Clarifying the type of adaptive challenges in the patients after ophthalmectomy is the first step of administration of targeted interventions. The nursing staff should help the patients and their family members to adapt and develop new self-management skills to improve the patients’ quality of life.