示指桡侧固有动脉阶梯推进皮瓣的显微解剖与临床应用

Microanatomy and clinical application of stepladder advancement flap pedicled with the radial proper digital artery of index finger

目的通过对示指桡侧固有动脉及其背侧支的解剖观察,总结背侧支血管的起源相对位置、走行规律,探讨示指桡侧固有动脉阶梯推进皮瓣修复指端缺损的手术方法与临床应用效果。方法2013年6月至2016年6月,对6只手标本经肱动脉灌注红色乳胶后,进行示指桡侧固有动脉及其背侧支血管的显微解剖,以及1只血管铸型手标本,观察示指桡侧固有动脉及其背侧支的起源位置、数量及走行特点。在解剖的基础上,临床应用示指桡侧固有动脉阶梯推进皮瓣修复示指指端软组织缺损10例,术后定期随访,对皮瓣的成活情况及修复指功能进行评估与分析。结果6只手标本中,示指桡侧固有动脉在近节有2条(4只手)或3条背侧支血管(2只手),中节有2条背侧支血管(6只手);1只血管铸型标本显示示指桡侧固有动脉在近、中节分别有3条、2条背侧支血管。临床应用10例,术后皮瓣血运良好,完全成活。术后10~14个月随访,皮瓣质地柔软,色泽与邻近肤色大致相同,示指屈、伸功能良好,虎口无畸形,皮瓣静止两点分辨觉为5.5~9.0mm,平均7.2mm。结论示指桡侧固有动脉阶梯推进皮瓣可跨掌指关节,扩大皮瓣供区,血供可靠,修复示指指端软组织缺损效果良好,为示指指端缺损创面的临床修复提供了一种术式选择。

ObjectiveTo observe the anatomy of the radial proper digital arteries and their dorsal vessels of index fingers, and the relative position and orientation of them were summarized. To explore the surgical method and clinical appilication of the stepladder advancement flap pedicled with the radial proper digital artery of index finger in the finger tip defects. MethodsFrom June, 2013 to June, 2016, 6 hand specimens were injected into the brachial artery with red latex to carry out the microanatomy of the index finger’s radial proper digital arteries and their dorsal vessels. And 1 vascular cast of hand specimen were observed the origin, number and oriention of the artery and its dorsal vessel. Ten cases with soft tissue defects of index finger in finger tip, were repaired with stepladder advancement flap pedicled with the radial proper digital artery. The evaluations and analysis were made in survival rate and finger's function by the postoperative regular consultations. ResultsThere were 2 (4 hands) or 3 (2 hands) dorsal vessels in the proximal, and 2 (6 hands) in middle segments of the radial proper digital arteries of index fingers in 6 hand specimens respectively. While the vascular cast of hand specimen showed that 3 dorsal vessels in the proximal, and 2 in the middle segments of the radial proper digital artery. Ten patients were performed the operation. The blood flow after the surgery were good and all flaps survived well. Followed-up time was 10-14 months. The color, feeling, contour and texture of flaps was good. The function of flexion and extension of the finger was good too, and no deformity of the purlicue. The resolution of static two points was 5.5-9.0 mm, averaged of 7.2 mm. ConclusionThe stepladder advancement flap pedicled with the radial proper digital artery of index finger can extend the donor site. It is safe, reliable and effective, providing a alternation for the repair of the soft tissue defects of the index finger tip.