从知识、技术到智识传统:“非遗”主题展览的话语分析

From Knowledge, Technology to Intellectual Tradition: A Discourse Analysis of Exhibitions with Intangible Cultural Heritage Theme

非物质文化遗产(非遗)作为博物馆展览的主题已成为常态。经过多年的发展,"非遗"主题展览已经形成了相对模式化的叙事类型和同质化的发展特征。这一现状反映了多重话语博弈下的行业惯习,同时也体现了非遗作为一种文化遗产行政话语所应有的限度。"非遗"主题展览应与强调多元、互动与阐释性的新博物馆学发展趋势相呼应,关注非遗变化与改造的实践性,摆脱"非遗"话语与行业惯习接驳的逻辑自洽,反思性的回归博物馆多线和声的智识传统,从而使非遗与展览的关联拥有更多的可能性。

Intangible Cultural Heritage (ICH)has been a popular theme for museum exhibitions.After years of development,the ICH-themed exhibition has formed a stereotyped narrative pattern and tends to be homogenous.This situation reflects the industry's norm against the background of the competition of multiple discourses,and the limits that ICH,as a cultural heritage administration discourse,should have.To curate an ICH exhibition,a museum should resonate with the development trends of New Museology that puts an emphasis on pluralism,interaction and interpretation,pay attention to changes and transformation of ICH practices,avoid self-consistency of the connection between ICH discourse and industry habitus,and return reflectively to the museum's intellectual tradition of diverse voices,so as to explore the potentials of the association between ICH and exhibitions.