厦门市售蔬菜、茶叶重金属含量及健康风险评价

Concentrations and Health Risk Evaluation of Heavy Metals in Vegetables and Teas in Xiamen Markets

为研究厦门市售蔬菜和茶叶中重金属含量特征并评价其对人体的健康风险,分析测定了厦门市主要农贸市场的10种蔬菜和主要商场的10种茶叶中重金属含量,运用内梅罗综合污染指数对重金属污染水平进行评价,运用靶标危害系数法(THQ)对重金属人体健康风险进行评估。结果表明:厦门市售蔬菜和茶叶不同品种中Zn、Cu、As、Cd和Pb含量差异较大,其中As、Cd和Pb含量均低于植物样品(蔬菜和茶叶)中各重金属元素食品卫生标准限值;蔬菜和茶叶中重金属As、Cd和Pb均处于安全等级(P_综≤0.7),其中,蔬菜中Cd的单项污染指数最高,茶叶中Pb的单项污染指数最高,两种元素均有较大危害,应重点关注;蔬菜和茶叶中重金属Zn、Cu、As、Cd、Pb对儿童的靶标危害系数基本高于成人,各重金属的单一靶标危害系数(THQ)及综合危害系数(TTHQ)均小于1,说明不存在明显的健康风险。

To study the characteristics of heavy metals content and evaluate the human health risk of heavy metals in vegetables and teas produced that sold in Xiamen markets, heavy metals in 10 kinds of vegetable samples and tea samples, respectively, were determined. The Nemero integrative pollution index was adopted to evaluate the pollution level of heavy metals, and the target hazard quotients was adopted to evaluate the human health risk of heavy metals. The results showed that the contents of Zn, Cu, As, Cd and Pb were variation in differeent kinds of vegetables and teas, and the contents of As, Cd and Pb were all lower than the limit for food hygiene standards of heavy metals. The pollution levels of As, Cd and Pb were all safety(Pintegration≤ 0.7). The single pollution index of Cd was highest in vegetables while the single pollution index of Pb was highest in teas, and these two elements should be focus on because of their harmful characteristics. The target hazard quotients of Zn, Cu, As, Cd and Pb in vegetables and teas for child were higher than that of adults. The single target hazard quotients(THQ) and comprehensive target hazard quotients(TTHQ) of every heavy metal were all lower than which indicating that there were no obvious health risk.