中国省域森林公园旅游产业竞争力的时空演化特征及影响因素

Study on the Spatio-Temporal Characteristics and the Influential Factors of the Competitiveness of Tourism Industry in Provincial Forest Park of China

分析我国各省森林公园旅游产业竞争力演变及其影响因素,有助于为处于不同发展阶段和不同发展水平的省份提供产业竞争力方面的指导。首先构建我国港澳台外31省(市、自治区)森林公园的旅游产业竞争力指标体系,然后计算各省旅游产业竞争力得分并分析其时空演变特征,最后采用分位数回归研究影响森林公园旅游产业竞争力空间差异的主要因素。结果表明:中国森林公园旅游产业平均竞争力值较低,区域差异较大,呈现东部向中西部递减的状态; 2004～2014年期间西部各省森林公园旅游产业竞争力进步较小,主要原因是受到"短板效应"的制约,表现为西部各省在产业效益方面与东、中部省份存在较大差距;中国的森林公园存在东北和东南两个高层次旅游产业竞争力集聚中心,并存在逐渐向周边地区扩散,带动周边省份提升发展的趋势;回归表明,国家扶持力度、管理投入、资源禀赋、经济基础、品牌效应和交通便利性会在不同分位点上对各省森林公园旅游产业竞争力产生影响。森林公园旅游产业竞争力在不同分位点上影响因素的差异为有针对性的提高各地区竞争力提供了良好的参考。

It’s helpful to provide industrial competitiveness guidance for industries in different development stages and different development levels for forest parks in different provinces in China by analysis their evolution and influence factors.Firstly,constructed index system of competitiveness of forest parks tourism industry in 31 provinces(municipalities and autonomous regions)in our country,then calculated scores of competitiveness of tourism industry in each province and analyze its temporal and spatial evolution characteristics.Finally,used quantile regression to study the main influencing factors of the spatial differences of forest park tourism industry competitiveness.The research found,the average competitive value of the tourism industry in China's Forest Park is relatively low with large regional differences,showing a decreasing state of the eastern part to the central and western part;In the period of 2004-2014,the competitiveness of the tourism industry in the forest parks in the western provinces has been relatively small,mainly due to the "short board effect",which shows that the western provinces have a large disparity in industrial efficiency with the eastern and central provinces;There are two highlevel forest parks tourism industry competitiveness centers in northeastern and southeast China,and with a trend of gradually spreading to surrounding areas and boosting the development of neighboring provinces;The quantile regression shows that, National support efforts, management inputs, resource endowments, economic fundamentals,brand effects and traffic convenience will affect the competitiveness of tourism industries in forest parks in different provinces at different quantile regression points.The differences of influencing factors on the competitiveness of tourism industry in forest park at different points provide a good reference for improving the competitiveness of each region.