基于光谱的降弓过程弓网电弧研究

Research on Pantograph Arcing During the Pantograph Lowering Process Based on the Spectral Diagnosis

高速铁路运营速度的提升,导致弓网振动加剧,离线频繁,电弧频发,严重烧蚀弓网材料,而电弧的燃炽强度和熄灭特性会受到温度这一重要参数的影响。为此基于光谱诊断法和红外图像,对降弓过程的弓网电弧等离子体的温度以及受电弓滑板、接触线的温升情况进行了研究。首先基于弓网电弧试验装置,记录了降弓过程中弓网电弧电压电流波形;并且同步采集了弓网电弧等离子体发射光谱;利用Boltzmann斜线法,计算得出了弓网电弧等离子体激发温度的变化,并且分析了电流对激发温度的影响;此外,分析了降弓过程中受电弓滑板和接触网导线的温度变化情况。实验结果表明:在16-22A的电流范围内,燃弧电压在30-36V之间变化,降弓时随弓网间隙增大而逐渐增大,弧压基本呈现线性增长趋势;在同一电流下,弓网电弧等离子体的激发温度在降弓过程中逐渐降低,但在同一间隙下,电弧温度随着电源输出电流的增加而上升。通过受电弓滑板和接触网导线的红外图像,可知降弓过程中,接触线温度始终高于受电弓滑板,滑板导线的最高温度的上升趋势逐渐放缓。

The increase of high-speed railway operation speed will intensify the pantograph-catenary(PC) vibration , and increase the frequent offline and arc. The burning intensity and extinguishment characteristics of arc plasma are influenced by temperature.Consequently, based on the spectral diagnosis, the temperature variation of PC arc plasma due to the lowering pantograph was studied. Meanwhile, the temperature rise of pantograph slide and catenary wire was also studied by the infrared thermal image. The voltage and current waveforms during pantograph-lowering process were recorded by a pantograph-catenary arc test apparatus. The emission spectrum of the PC arc plasma was collected and based on the Boltzmann plot, and the variation of excitation temperature during pantograph-lowering process was calculated and analyzed. Moreover, the impact of current on excitation temperature was also studied, and the temperature of pantograph slide and catenary wire were acquired. The results show that, at the current range of 16-22 A, the initial arc voltage is distributed between 30 and 36 V. The voltage increases linearly with the increase of pantograph catenary gap. The temperature of pantograph-catenary arc plasma decreases gradually during the pantograph-lowering process at the same current. However, the temperature increases with the increasing of current at the same gap. By IR images of pantograph slide and catenary wire, the temperature of catenary wire is consistently higher than that of pantograph slide and the increase trend of highest temperature gradually moderates during the whole pantograph-lowering process.